Industry and technic constitute an important aspect of our life. Machines produce all things that are thought to be benefits of civilization simplifying people’s daily duties – furniture, office supplies, and medicaments. Moreover, nowadays machines are irreplaceable by themselves: it is impossible to imagine the modern world without home appliances, computers, mobile phones, cars, and trains. Even city buildings have changed during last centuries: they have become more functional, laconic in design and comfortable. Glass and concrete, elevators, heating and water supply have made them suitable for living or work of thousands of people.
Промышленность и техника составляют важный аспект нашей жизни. Машины производят все, что считается благами цивилизации, упрощающими ежедневные обязанности людей, – мебель, канцтовары, лекарства. Более того, в наши дни машины незаменимы сами по себе: невозможно представить современный мир без бытовой техники, компьютеров, мобильных телефонов, автомобилей и поездов. Даже городские здания изменились за последние века: они стали более функциональными, лаконичными в дизайне и удобными. Стекло и бетон, лифты, отопление и водоснабжение сделали их подходящими для жизни и работы тысяч людей.
However, these achievements would not exist without their creators – engineers. This profession is very ancient: great inventors of the past (Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci, or Galileo) doubtlessly were engineers, because they developed various machines, devices, and constructions. Military engineers making projects of siege machines also were in demand for many centuries; later, technical progress made the profession of a civil engineer useful and popular as well.
Однако этих достижений не существовало бы без их творцов – инженеров. Эта профессия очень древняя: великие изобретатели прошлого (Архимед, Леонардо да Винчи или Галилей), несомненно, были инженерами, поскольку разрабатывали различные машины, приборы и строения. Военные инженеры, создававшие проекты осадных машин, также были востребованы на протяжении многих веков; позже технический прогресс сделал полезной и популярной и профессию гражданского инженера.
Different specialists of engineering are responsible for different spheres: there are building, transport, radio engineers. As for me, I study at the university to create projects of bridges. It seems to me that this activity is especially significant in modern megacities having complicated landscape and planning as well as on railways crossing lakes and rivers. An engineer should develop a robust and reliable construction of a bridge, and choose materials carefully. If he makes a mistake, cargo transport and people are under threat. Besides, bridges can be not only necessary but also beautiful: I admire the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco and bridges of Venice.
Разные специалисты по инженерному делу ответственны за разные сферы: есть инженеры-строители, транспортные инженеры, радиоинженеры. Что касается меня, я учусь в университете, чтобы создавать проекты мостов. Мне кажется, что эта деятельность особенно значима в современных мегаполисах, имеющих сложные ландшафт и планировку, а также на железных дорогах, пересекающих озёра и реки. Инженер должен разработать прочную и надёжную конструкцию моста и тщательно выбрать материалы. Если он сделает ошибку, грузовой транспорт и люди окажутся под угрозой. Кроме того, мосты могут быть не только необходимы, но и прекрасны: я восхищаюсь мостом Золотые Ворота в Сан-Франциско и мостами Венеции.
When my parents start to ask me what is my future profession I have no answer. It’s not so easy for me to decide what exactly I want to do in my life. I had different hobbies and I liked many things and now I can see more or less what I would like to do.
I thought many times which job is good for me. What job I would like to do with pleasure and joy. For me it’s important to find my vocation and I think I have already found it.
All my life I liked constructors and puzzles. My parents bought for me different models and variants of. I spent a lot of time to make them and I succeed. There is only one profession can be perfect for me I guess. I have to become an engineer.
For this job you have to be smart and you need to have good imagination, you have to be good in maths and physics and also you need tons of patience. Also you have to develop new skills and learn new things every day. This is how I see the qualities of a good engineer. Of course you need to have good memory for this job as well.
I see myself a very good engineer in future. According me I have all the necessary qualities to become a good and professional engineer. Another good thing is that this job is important all over the world. You can go to any country and you will be able to find work everywhere. That’s why it’s also important to learn foreign languages.
I am exciting to start my career soon. I have many different ideas what I want to do. Sometimes I am so much surprised how many different projects I have in my head. First I would like to have some practice with the most experienced engineers. That’s why I would like to go to Italy or Great Britain because I like so much that architecture. I am not a person of art, but art inspires me a lot. And honestly I think the greatest artist in the world are engineers.
Engineering is a term applied to the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied to the efficient use of the materials and forces of nature. Engineers are the ones who have received professional training in pure and applied science.Before the middle of the 18th century, large-scale construction work was usually placed in the hands of military engineers. Military engineering involved such work as the preparation of topographical maps, the location, design, and construction of roads and bridges; and the building of forts and docks; see Military Engineering below. In the 18th century, however, the term civil engineering came into use to describe engineering work that was performed by civilians for nonmilitary purposes.
Civil engineering is the broadest of the engineering fields. Civil engineering focuses on the infrastructure of the world which include Water works, Sewers, Dams, Power Plants, Transmission Towers/Lines, Railroads, Highways, Bridges, Tunnels, Irrigation Canals, River Navigation, Shipping Canals, Traffic Control, Mass Transit, Airport Runways, Terminals, Industrial Plant Buildings, Skyscrapers, etc. Among the important subdivisions of the field are construction engineering, irrigation engineering, transportation engineering, soils and foundation engineering, geodetic engineering, hydraulic engineering, and coastal and ocean engineering.
Civil engineers build the world’s infrastructure. In doing so, they quietly shape the history of nations around the world. Most people can not imagine life without the many contributions of civil engineers to the public’s health, safety and standard of living. Only by exploring civil engineering’s influence in shaping the world we know today, can we creatively envision the progress of our tomorrows.
One of my friends, Dmitry Shevelev, lives in Vladivostok now though he was born in Nakhodka. Some years ago he graduated from the one of our institutions and became an engineer. Now he lives near his office. He usually walks there. He works on weekdays. I can’t say that he works hard, but all his mates like him because he is a good mixer or, as you may say, he is very communicable person. He doesn’t work on Saturday or Sunday. His working day usually lasts for eight hours. His duties are to answer all incoming letters and calls, to meet with different specialists, to help junior engineers. He often tells me that he likes his job. I usually meet him after the work and we speak about life. He is very glad that he found such work where he can show all his talents. Though there is a difference between our ages, we have much in common. He is among my best friends.
By the way, my friend knows English very well (he finished school #13). It helps him a lot as every year various foreign delegations come to their office. These delegations change different technologies with our specialists and discuss many problems. All foreigners thought Shevelev to be the best translator in their institute.
Reasons for liking it
The profession of an architect is quite creative. There are hardly any restrictions. It means that while working an architect creates his or her own masterpiece. In this profession the space for your own thinking and vision is infinite. Of course, there are some building owner’s requirements and orders you need to take into consideration, but you still have a possibility to follow your own preferences.
In architecture it is hard to know everything about different types of buildings. So there is always a chance to learn something new.
Another advantage is that you will never be bored because there will be no identical projects.
Prospects of the profession
Nowadays, profession of an architect is in high demand. This job is very well-paid and there are good career prospects. However, one must remember that it can be quite a long way from an apprentice to a chief architect.
But hard work pays off. Besides, this is the profession which can bring a world-wide recognition. There are a lot of famous architects whose works are well-known all over the world. Among them, Cesar Pelli and his Petronas Twin Towers, Frank Owen Gehry and his Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Santiago Calatrava and his Auditorio de Tenerife and many others.
Моя профессия
Выбор профессии – важный шаг в жизни каждого человека. Многие из нас начинают задумываться над этим, еще будучи в школе. Я всегда знал, кем хочу стать. Я выбрал профессию архитектора и успешно сдал вступительные экзамены.
Hi, everyone! My name is Olga, and I’m graduating from school this year. As for many teenagers, the choice of future career is a real challenge for me. There are so many jobs, so it’s rather difficult to make the right decision. Furthermore, I’m firmly convinced that the choice of future career is essential, and I don’t want to regret it for the rest of my life.
So I have been thinking about it for a long time. I have discussed it many times with my parents and closest friends, but I’m still a bit confused.
Firstly, I had a wish to do something I am keen on. I suppose turning your hobby into your future job is a great way one can become a successful specialist. I think I’m not bad at writing stories. I absolutely adore it! I can spend evenings thinking about the characters and the plot of my stories. I’m also fond of making illustrations to them. In addition, all the process of story making is very enjoyable to me. That’s why I firmly believe that working as a writer is the best variant for me.
The only problem is that my parents totally disagree with me. They say it’s not the right way to make money and it’s just my childish dream. They think I must be realistic and force me to become a programmer. I love computers and I spend quite a lot of time sitting in front of one, but programming is a completely different thing. I’m attending a programming course at the moment, so I can see it’s not something I’d really want to do.
Thus, I hope I’ll be able to make the right choice, but for now future career is still an open issue.
Сочинение на тему Моя будущая профессия
Всем привет! Меня зовут Ольга, и я заканчиваю школу в этом году. Для меня, как и для многих подростков, выбор будущей профессии является настоящим испытанием. Существует так много профессий, поэтому очень тяжело принять верное решение. К тому же, я глубоко убеждена, что выбор будущей профессии существенно важен, и мне не хочется сожалеть о нем всю мою дальнейшую жизнь.
Я размышляю об этом уже долго. Обсуждала этот вопрос с моими родителями и близкими друзьями уже много раз, но я все еще в замешательстве.
Изначально я хотела заниматься тем, что мне нравится. Я думаю, превратив свое хобби в будущую профессию, можно стать успешным профессионалом. Думаю, мне хорошо дается написание рассказов. Я просто обожаю это. Я могу проводить целые вечера, продумывая персонажей, а также сюжет моих историй. Мне также нравится делать иллюстрации к ним. Более того, весь процесс, связанный с написанием рассказов очень занимателен. Поэтому я глубоко убеждена, что профессия писателя — наиболее подходящий для меня вариант.
Но есть одна проблема. Мои родители абсолютно не согласны со мной. Они говорят, что это не приносит доход и что это всего лишь моя детская мечта. Они считают, что я должна быть реалисткой и выбрать профессию программиста. Мне нравится работать с компьютером, и я провожу много времени за ним. Но программирование — это совсем другое. Я сейчас посещаю курс программирования, и я понимаю, что это не то, чем я бы хотела заниматься.
Итак, я надеюсь, что я смогу принять правильное решение, но пока вопрос выбора будущей профессии остается для меня открытым. Похожие сочинения
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My future profession
A child usually dreams to be a doctor, a teacher, a firefighter or even an astronaut in the future. These professions are very important, so it is wonderful when child’s dream comes true and he or she becomes an expert in the particular field, for example, in medicine.
I think that everyone should work. It may be easy or difficult work, well-paid or low-paid. However, what is even more important is that the work must bring the joy. Of course, the salary is important nowadays but if you are not happy with your job, the salary will mean almost nothing. In this case you should find something else, something that will make you smile. This work even may become just a little addition to the main job.
My dream is to become an interpreter in the future. Why have I chosen this particular profession? The answer is quite simple. I like studying foreign languages and cultures. When I study a new foreign language, a new world seems to be opened to me. I can find something unusual, unique, fascinating or even strange there but it is the wonderful experience.
The profession of an interpreter gives you an opportunity to meet new people from different countries or social groups. It teaches you to make decisions right here and right now. It is the experience that you cannot get even being a translator, for example. This is the main reason why I want to be an interpreter.
I will do my best to become an interpreter in the future because this is the work that can make me happy.
Перевод:
Моя будущая профессия
Ребенок обычно мечтает стать в будущем врачом, учителем, пожарным или даже космонавтом. Эти профессии очень важны, поэтому замечательно, когда мечта ребенка сбывается и он или она становится специалистом в определенной сфере деятельности, например, в медицине.
Я думаю, что каждый человек должен работать. Это может быть легкая или сложная работа, хорошо оплачиваемая или низкооплачиваемая. Однако, что еще важнее: работа должна приносить радость. Конечно, зарплата играет значимую роль в наши дни, но если вы не довольны своей работой, зарплата будет значить для вас уже не так много. В этом случае вы должны найти что-то другое, то, что заставит вас улыбнуться. Эта работа даже может стать всего лишь небольшим дополнением к вашей основной профессии.
Моя мечта – это стать в будущем устным переводчиком. Почему я выбрала именно эту профессию? Ответ довольно прост. Я люблю изучать иностранные языки и культуры. Когда я изучаю новый иностранный язык, для меня словно открывается новый мир, в котором я могу найти что-то необычное, уникальное, увлекательное или даже странное, но это замечательный опыт.
Профессия переводчика дает возможность познакомиться с новыми людьми из разных стран или социальных групп. Она учит вас принимать решения здесь и сейчас. Это тот опыт, который вы не можете получить, например, даже будучи письменным переводчиком. Это основная причина, почему я хочу быть именно устным переводчиком.
Я сделаю все возможное, чтобы стать устным переводчиком в будущем, потому что это та работа, которая может сделать меня счастливым.
Автор — Ирина Селезнева
We live in the era of high technologies, and we use modern inventions in our everyday life because they have brought us much comfort. New technologies have spread on every field over the past 15 years. Moreover, they are rapidly changing. For example, video-recorders, DVD-players or compact disks have already become obsolete and have been replaced by more up-to-date devices. Today we can hardly imagine our life without such modern mobile devices as cell phones or laptops. Our offices are fully equipped with computers, printers, scanners, air-conditioners, interactive whiteboards and wi-fi modems. Household appliances (vacuum-cleaners, coffee-machines, dish-washers, food processors and others) help us to save our time and energy.
However, we should realize that digital and electronic inventions have both negative and positive impact on our daily life.
I am absolutely positive that new technologies or gadgets are making things faster, easier, more comfortable and interesting. For instance, if you install a GPS (Global Positioning System) in your car you’ll never get lost again. And could we imagine just 15 years ago all the things we can do on the wireless Internet nowadays: connecting with friends from all over the world, online shopping and banking, distance online learning, finding virtual relationships and even working from home? Isn’t that awesome?! Our parents used to go to post-offices to send letters or pay bills, they went to libraries to find a good book and they used telephone-booths for phone-calls.
On the other hand, I know some people who are strongly against some modern inventions because they really miss those days when they talked to each other face to face in reality, and not virtually. I partially agree with that as I really believe that people are becoming anti-social and too dependent on their gadgets. Some of my friends also spend half of the time occupying their shiny gadgets (smart-phones or i-pads) even when we go out together. Besides, people who use various social networks a lot (such as Facebook or Instagram) should worry more about their privacy.
Summing up, I could say that there are serious arguments both for and against the use of new technologies but anyway it’s really difficult to imagine our life without them today.
Новые технологии в нашей жизни
Мы живем в эпоху высоких технологий и пользуемся современными изобретениями в повседневной жизни, поскольку они принесли нам много комфорта. Новые технологии распространились в каждой области за последние 15 лет. Более того, они стремительно меняются. Например, видеомагнитофоны, DVD-плееры или компакт-диски стали уже устаревшими, и им на смену пришли более современные устройства. Сегодня мы с трудом можем представить нашу жизнь без таких современных мобильных приборов, как сотовые телефоны или ноутбуки. Наши офисы полностью оборудованы компьютерами, принтерами, сканерами, кондиционерами, интерактивными досками и wi-fi модемами. Бытовые приборы (пылесосы, кофе-машины, посудомоечные машины, кухонные комбайны и другие) помогают нам экономить время и энергию.
Однако, нам следует понимать, что цифровые и электронные изобретения имеют как отрицательное, так и положительное влияние на нашу повседневную жизнь.
Я полностью согласен с тем, что новые технологии или гаджеты делают многие вещи быстрее, легче, удобнее и интереснее. К примеру, если вы устанавливаете в своем автомобиле GPS (Глобальную Навигационную Систему), вы больше никогда не заблудитесь. А могли ли мы представить всего лишь 15 лет назад все то, что можем делать сегодня по беспроводному интернету: связь с друзьями по всему миру, онлайн покупки и банковские операции, дистанционное онлайн обучение, поиск виртуальных знакомств и даже работу из дома? Разве это не здорово?! Наши родители раньше отправлялись в почтовое отделение для того, чтобы отсылать письма или оплачивать счета, они ходили в библиотеки для того, чтобы найти хорошую книгу и пользовались телефонными будками для того, чтобы позвонить.
С другой стороны, я знаю людей, которые категорически против некоторых современных изобретений, так как им очень не хватает тех дней, когда они общались друг с другом, лицом к лицу в реальности, а не виртуально. Частично я согласен с этим, потому что я считаю, что люди становятся анти-социальными и слишком зависимыми от своих гаджетов. Некоторые мои друзья также посвящают половину времени своим блестящим гаджетам (смартфонам или ай-пэдам), даже когда мы выходим вместе погулять. Кроме того, людям, которые много пользуются социальными сетями (такими, как Фэйсбук или Инстарграм), нужно побеспокоиться о защите своей личной информации.
Подводя итог, я бы сказал, что существуют серьезные аргументы за и против использования новых технологий, но, в любом случае, в наши дни уже будет очень сложно представить жизнь без них.
There is a wide choice of different professions and I`d like to tell you about my hesitation what to choose. In my childhood I wanted to become a famous singer or actor but when I was aware of all the difficulties of these professions I decided to refuse of my dream. Then I was going to become a vet. I imagined myself treating different animals, taking care of them, feeding and walking with them in the park, but this dream hadn`t also come true.
It goes without saying that every person must choose his profession according his natural abilities and inclinations to it. So I have decided to connect my life with a profession of a teacher because I am sure that it`s my cup of tea. On the one hand it`s a great responsibility for children, on the other hand it`s a very interesting, exciting and valuable profession in our life. Besides you won`t be able to succeed as a teacher if you don`t like children. Your success depends on a lot of things. At first you should be communicative, very organized and hardworking. You must be skilful in your profession. It is also necessary to understand pupils, give them a helping hand and be ready to solve their problems. More than that you must be polite and tactful.
Profession of a teacher is a great profession and it is known that who doesn`t work in this sphere, won`t be able to understand all the essence of it.
Nowadays there are thousands of different occupations but the most important role in choosing this or that one, plays a salary, of course. It is so, but to my mind, it`s impossible to work only for that purpose “earning a lot of money”.Our job must bring us satisfaction and always only pleasant emotions. So in conclusion I`d like to advise people to choose their profession carefully, taking every thing into their consideration.
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Рабочий день инженера-The working day of an engineer
Топик по английскому языку “The working day of an engineer – Рабочий день инженера”
One of my friend, Dmity Shevelev, lives in Vladivostok now though he was born in Nakhodka. Some years ago he graduated from the one of our institutions and became an engineer. Now he lives near his office. He usually walks there.
He works on weekdays. I can’t say that he work hard, but all his mates like him because he is a good mixer or, as you may say, he is very communicable person. He doesn’t work on Saturday or Sunday. His working day usually lasts for eight hours. His duties are to answer all incoming letters and calls, to meet with different specialists, to help young engineers. He often tells me that he likes his job. I usually meet him after the work and we speak about life. He is very glad that he found such work where he can show all his talents. Though there is a difference between our ages, we have much in common. He is among my best friends. By the way, my friend knows English rather well (he finished school #13). It helps him a lot as every year various foreign delegations come to their office. These delegations change different technologies with our specialists and discuss many problems. All foreigners thought Shevelev to be the best translator in their institute.
Перевод топика: Рабочий день инженера
Один из моего друга, Дмайтай Шевелева, живет во Владивостоке теперь, хотя он родился в Находке. Несколько лет назад он закончил то из наших учреждений и стал инженером. Теперь он живет около его офиса. Он обычно идет туда.
Он воздействует на будние дни. Я не могу сказать, что он упорно трудится, но все его помощники как он, потому что он – хороший миксер или, поскольку Вы можете сказать, он – очень общительный человек. Он не воздействует в субботу или в воскресенье. Его рабочий день обычно длится в течение восьми часов. Его обязанности состоят в том, чтобы ответить на все поступающие письма и запросы, встречаться с различными специалистами, помогать молодым инженерам. Он часто говорит мне, что он любит его работу. Я обычно встречаю его после работы, и мы говорим о жизни. Он очень рад, что он нашел такую работу, где он может показать все его таланты. Хотя есть различие между нашими возрастами, мы имеем много вместе. Он – среди моих лучших друзей. Между прочим, мой друг знает английский язык скорее хорошо (он закончил школу #13). Это помогает ему много как каждый год, различные иностранные делегации приезжают в их офис. Эти делегации изменяют различные технологии с нашими специалистами и обсуждают много проблем. Все иностранцы думали, что Шевелев был лучшим переводчиком в их институте.
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Перевод:
Современный человек едва ли может представить свою жизнь без машин. Ежедневно или появляются новые устройства, или улучшаются уже существующие. Люди по-разному относятся к новым изобретениям. Некоторые полагают, что сложные гаджеты на самом деле полезны и необходимо, в то время, как другие считают их ужасными из-за их отрицательного влияния на людей. Что касается меня, я абсолютно уверена в том, что новые устройства делают нашу жизнь легче.
Во-первых, они выполняют всю грязную и тяжелую работу, такую как уборка. Во-вторых, устройства экономят как время, так и место. Например, компьютерный диск может вмещать столько же информации, как несколько толстых книг. Итак, машины помогают людям в разных сферах деятельности.
Однако противники этой точки зрения абсолютно уверены в том, что новые изобретения отрицательно влияют на людей. Люди не хотят работать из-за влияния устройств. Они становятся ленивыми и неорганизованными. Они ждут, когда их последние изобретения сделают всё за них. Более того, по мнению ученых, многие широко распространенные гаджеты обладают излучением, которое может вызвать серьёзные проблемы со здоровьем. Кроме того, всё больше и больше людей становятся зависимыми от компьютера, телевизора или мобильного телефона. Они игнорируют свои домашние обязанности, учебу или работу и проводят всё своё время перед ноутбуком или экраном телевизора.
В заключение, я считаю, что, несмотря на все имеющиеся недостатки, достоинства гаджетов намного более занчительны, так как они экономят время и позволяют людям наслаждаться жизнью!
Каменская Татьяна
• Education is the most valuable thing for a teenager
Some people believe that teenagers should study all the time because it is one of the most important things for them at their age. Others tend to think that education is not such a valuable aspect of teenagers’ life as it may seem. In this essay I am going to detail my own view on this issue.
• Volunteering is essential for teenagers
Many modern teenagers are involved in volunteering, and their involvement appears to be controversial. Some people appreciate teenagers’ participation in social projects while others would prefer teenagers to pay more attention to themselves. In this essay I am going to detail my position on this issue.
• Studying knows no holidays
Some people believe that studying is a continuous proccess while others tend to think that there is no necessity to spend every hour of your life on acquiring knowledge and developing skills. In this essay I am going to express myself on this issue.
• An early choice of a career path is the key to success
All people want to be successful in life and they expect their career to give them all the good things of life. The question is when it is better to make a career choice. Some people believe that career decisions should be made at an early age, while others are sure that one should take some time and think it out.
• Fast food is the food of the future
It is difficult to imagine our life without fast food. It is gradually forcing out the traditional cuisine, and many people are sure that fast food will dominate in the future.
• New information technologies cannot make one smarter
As a matter of fact, we live in the age of information technologies, varying in complexity, size, and purpose. Personal computers, computer nets, laptops, smartphones are great inventions used by people every day. The question is whether these gadgets make mankind smarter.
• Studying online is better than going to a regular class
The modern world is experiencing great changes in almost every sphere of life including education. Nowadays, young people have a variety of educational systems. Online classes are becoming more and more popular.
• Exams motivate students to study harder
If you go to school or university, you are faced with a number of exams. Basically, these exams are supposed to test your knowledge and skills. Also, they may motivate you to study harder.
• Sport is the best way to reduce stress
Our life is full of stress. Many people live under the press of economic, social and other problems. These people find different ways to get rid of stress, and one of them is sport.
• Chinese will replace English as an international language
At any age there are languages that dominate all over the world. These languages are spoken and understood by the majority of people. Nowadays, English enjoys the most popularity, yet Chinese seems to have better perspectives.
• Fast food outlets should be closed
Fast food is a flourishing modern industry conquering the whole world. It is not top-secret that this kind of food is far from being healthy. It causes serious diseases like obesity, cancer, diabetes, and, for that matter, many people want fast food outlets to be closed everywhere.
• Honesty is the best policy
From an early age we have been taught to be honest with people around us. Our parents and teachers always make us tell the truth and disapprove of a lie. Yet many of us consider honesty not to be the best policy.
• Family is the most important thing in life
People put much value upon different things, for example, money, freedom, friends, etc. But it is often stated that family has to be on top of all things.
• It is difficult to understand jokes from other countries
Everybody likes to laugh that is why he/she often watches comedies and humorous shows, reads funny stories. Some people consume all this content no matter where it comes from, others ignore foreign humour because they find it difficult to understand.
• Money cannot make one happy
Everyone wants to be rich and happy. Some people see the direct connection between money and happiness, others consider them to be two different things.
• The best way to lose weight is following a diet
There are many ways to loose weight, and following a diet is one of the most popular ones. But is being on a diet the best strategy to grow thin?
• It is better to read a book than to watch its film version
Nowadays, more and more people neglect books and prefer watching their film versions. The question is whether it is a positive tendency or not.
• Clothes people are wearing can influence their behaviour
We cannot imagine our life without clothes, the main function of which is protective. Clothes protect us from cold and hot weather, from rain and snow and from other negative effects of the environment. Also, clothes are considered to influence people’s behaviour.
• A person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily teach it
Nowadays, learning foregn languages is becoming more and more popular. Thus language teachers are in great demand everywhere. Many people, who are fluent in languages but are not educational specialists, are tempted to tackle the teaching.
• Virtual Internet communication results in losing real-life social skills
New technologies are developing at high speed these days, and their development is unstoppable. One of the most influential technologies is the Internet penetrating into every aspect of people’s life and endangering their real-life social skills.
• It is better to be a leader of a group than to be a simple member
All members of our society can be divided into two categories – leaders and ordinary members. Their functions, levels of responsibility and rewards are different. While leaders usually have high standards of living, ordinary people do with limited amenities of life.
• Children should be able to choose which subjects to learn at school
At school children are supposed to learn many subjects. Most of them are compulsory, that is why boys and girls often make a stand against them and say they want to choose subjects on their own.
• It is better to learn distantly than to go to traditional school
Technological progress has caused an argument about education. The thing is that some people believe that distant learning is better, and other people stick to the point that going to school is the only way to get good education.
• Some people think that extreme sports help to build character
Nowadays more and more people go in for extreme sports like skateboarding, base jumping, parachute jumping, mountaineering and others. They believe that extreme sports help to build character.
• Good books are those books that all people like and understand
Nowadays there is a great variety of literary writings varying in genre, volume, conceptual meaning, and so on. Some of them are recognized as good and worth reading without fail. But the question is how people manage to grade books and select good ones.
• Virtual travelling is better than the real thing
Nowadays the virtual world is gradually becoming an essential part of our life. On the Internet, there are a lot of photos and video presentations of different countries and cities so that you do not need to go and see them with your own eyes.
• Life is becoming more and more dangerous
Life is not fixed, and our living conditions are constantly changing. The question is whether they are changing for the better or the worse.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Public libraries are becoming less popular and they will soon disappear
Public libraries are supposed to store paper books and lend them to everyone who wants to borrow them. But modern technologies allow you to get a book you need without going to libraries.
• In any occupation discipline is more important than talent
Everyone wants to be successful in his or her occupation. The question is what the person needs more – discipline or talent.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Only people who earn a lot of money can be successful
All people in the world want to be successful. Most of them are convinced that success means much money.
• Every city and every town should have a zoo
It is always fun to visit a zoo. Both children and grown-ups like to watch different animals: mammals, reptiles and others. The problem is that not every city and every town has a zoo.
• Fast food kills national culinary traditions
Fast food is a fast-growing industry including thousands of restaurants and cafes throughout the country. It may seem that fast food is killing national culinary traditions.
• Some people think that you can have only one true friend
Friendship is one of the greatest phenomena of people’s life. The true friend is always ready to help and support us in any situation. Is it possible to have many true friends?
• Some people think that young people should follow in their parents’ footsteps when choosing a profession
Choosing a profession is a great problem because its solution affects almost every aspects of a person’s future life. To be on the safe side, many young people follow in their parents’ footsteps. Are they right or not?
• Some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money
Learning foreign languages is becoming more and more popular nowadays. A number of language schools and teachers is constantly growing up. But there are some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money.
• A pupil cannot study effectively without a computer
The computer is one of the greatest inventions of all times. It helps us to work, relax, and study. Computer technologies are widely used in education by both teachers and pupils. It is believed that computers help them to be more effective.
• Does love at first sight really exist? Is it a charming romantic fiction or a reality?
Love is a nice feeling that is the reason of durable family ties. If two persons love each other they are much more likely to reach mutual understanding and overcome difficulties of life.
• The Internet is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. Still, it is considered to be dangerous to many people.
Nowadays, almost every home has access to the Internet. We use the Internet for various purposes: gaining necessary information, taking part in communities, and even making money.
• More and more people are choosing to live in cities. But some people take up residence in the country.
Nowadays, there’s a tendency for active young people to leave rural areas for towns and cities. That is the reason why the population of the villages is thinning down now.
• Some people prefer to have big families, but the others come to nothing more than only one child
Family is a basic constituent of any nation. The well-being of the nation depends on the well-being of each family. A lot of factors make a family happy, and children are among of them. But how many children does a family need to be perfectly happy?
• Well-developed industry ensures the well-being of the whole country and its citizens. But industrial growth is often followed by aggravation of environmental problems.
Industrial development plays a large role in prosperity of any country. I doubt whether the country could do without leading industries, such as: heavy and light industry, power engineering, extractive industry, heavy engineering, chemical industry, etc.
• As is well known, going in for sport is extremely health-giving. However, many professional athletes suffer from diseases caused by intense exercises.
Nice shape, great stamina, bulging muscles are the dreams of most people. These dreams may come true thanks to sport.
• Fast food is perhaps the quickest way to satisfy your hunger. But according to many experts, fast food can cause serious illnesses: obesity, gastritis, indigestion, pancreatitis, etc.
You can hardly find a person who never heard about global fast food chains, such as McDonald’s, Subways, Burger King and so on. Nowadays, fast food industry is one of the most flourishing businesses all over the world.
• Not anyone who knows a foreign language can be an interpreter
Nowadays, being an interpreter is one of the most prestigious occupations. A lot of young people dream of becoming an interpreter, that’s why they study foreign languages very actively. Many of them achieve a good level of competence.
• School leavers should take a gap year before entering university
Many high school students take a gap year before entering university. This is a year in which they usually travel abroad and see the world to broaden their horizons. However, some people believe it’s better for them to go straight to university.
• Team sports help people develop a stronger character than individual sports do
There are many benefits to playing both team and individual sports. Apart from getting some exercise and improving your physical abilities, you can learn about your strengths and weakness and feel great about your accomplishments on the track or field. However, some people believe that team sports help develop a person’s character better.
• People have become too dependent on technology
These days, people use technology to do many things. They use computers at work, mobile phones for communication, and television to watch programmes. These devices are useful, but have people become too dependent on them?
• Governments should limit the size of sugary drink containers in order to improve public health
Whenever you visit a supermarket, there is always a huge selection of soft drinks. These drinks are popular because they’re full of sugar, which makes them taste great. It’s become a problem for some people who have gained weight from drinking them. So, should governments limit the size of the containers these drinks are sold in?
• People shouldn’t be allowed to work from home because it’s less productive than being in the office
More and more people are working from home rather than in an office. It has become easier to work at home because your work can be done on a computer and emailed into the office. But is this good for productivity?
• The production and sale of genetically-modified food should be banned
In an effort to improve our food supply, scientists have discovered ways to genetically modify food so that it grows faster and is less susceptible to disease. But should the production and sale of genetically-modified food be banned?
• Filmgoers should rely on reviews when choosing a film to see
Going to the cinema is a popular pastime that nearly everyone loves doing. It seems that every week, a dozen new films are released, and filmgoers are curious about which ones are worth seeing. Should filmgoers rely on reviews when choosing a film to see?
• Pushing children to achieve robs them of their childhood
Our world has become very competitive, and many parents want to do their best to prepare their children for success in life. Do parents push their children too hard when they’re young, taking away a happy childhood in the process?
• Just as teachers assess their students, so students should assess their teachers
It is a teacher’s job to assess students’ performance in class. They must mark students’ work and give them feedback on their progress. Should students also be allowed to assess their teachers on their performance?
• It’s always best to wear a business suit when you have an interview for a job
Getting a job takes a lot of effort, as you have to prepare yourself to answer a lot of questions about your skills and your history. You also have to look your best at the interview. Should you always wear a business suit to an interview?
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕМЫ СОЧИНЕНИЙ:
• Getting married and having children is the key to one’s happiness.
• The generation gap will always exist.
• Vegetarianism is the only way of healthy eating.
• Cloning people will break the normal life.
• Feng Shui makes people more successful.
• In 100 years, all the countries will be at peace.
• New technologies will make crime impossible.
• It is insane to live in a densely packed block of flats.
• Man should come back to nature and enjoy healthy pleasures of rural life.
• For the younger generation there is nothing in seclusion of a countryside.
• Joys of life in the country could be fully appreciated only by local people.
• It is necessary to build blocks of flats nowadays.
• Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made.
• It is strange that some movie stars earn millions of dollars a year.
• Watching violence in movies is bad for children.
• Technology has made the cinema a better thing.
• There is no future without the Internet.
• The growth of the Hollywood film industry has replaced quality with quantity.
• Cosmetic surgery can improve the quality of life.
• International sport is war without shooting.
• Telepathetic communication would lead to constant conflicts.
• President of a country is the most important person.
• Education opens the doors to happiness and success.
• University students should pay for their education.
• Earning money is more important than getting a good education.
• Your work is your identity.
• Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance.
• Fashion is a pure commerce.
• Marriage should be banned before a certain age.
• New technologies boost unemployment.
на английском языке с переводом на русский язык
My Future Profession as an Engineer
Моя будущая профессия – инженер
Industry and technic constitute an important aspect of our life. Machines produce all things that are thought to be benefits of civilization simplifying people’s daily duties – furniture, office supplies, and medicaments. Moreover, nowadays machines are irreplaceable by themselves: it is impossible to imagine the modern world without home appliances, computers, mobile phones, cars, and trains. Even city buildings have changed during last centuries: they have become more functional, laconic in design and comfortable. Glass and concrete, elevators, heating and water supply have made them suitable for living or work of thousands of people.
Промышленность и техника составляют важный аспект нашей жизни. Машины производят все, что считается благами цивилизации, упрощающими ежедневные обязанности людей, – мебель, канцтовары, лекарства. Более того, в наши дни машины незаменимы сами по себе: невозможно представить современный мир без бытовой техники, компьютеров, мобильных телефонов, автомобилей и поездов. Даже городские здания изменились за последние века: они стали более функциональными, лаконичными в дизайне и удобными. Стекло и бетон, лифты, отопление и водоснабжение сделали их подходящими для жизни и работы тысяч людей.
However, these achievements would not exist without their creators – engineers. This profession is very ancient: great inventors of the past (Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci, or Galileo) doubtlessly were engineers, because they developed various machines, devices, and constructions. Military engineers making projects of siege machines also were in demand for many centuries; later, technical progress made the profession of a civil engineer useful and popular as well.
Однако этих достижений не существовало бы без их творцов – инженеров. Эта профессия очень древняя: великие изобретатели прошлого (Архимед, Леонардо да Винчи или Галилей), несомненно, были инженерами, поскольку разрабатывали различные машины, приборы и строения. Военные инженеры, создававшие проекты осадных машин, также были востребованы на протяжении многих веков; позже технический прогресс сделал полезной и популярной и профессию гражданского инженера.
Different specialists of engineering are responsible for different spheres: there are building, transport, radio engineers. As for me, I study at the university to create projects of bridges. It seems to me that this activity is especially significant in modern megacities having complicated landscape and planning as well as on railways crossing lakes and rivers. An engineer should develop a robust and reliable construction of a bridge, and choose materials carefully. If he makes a mistake, cargo transport and people are under threat. Besides, bridges can be not only necessary but also beautiful: I admire the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco and bridges of Venice.
Разные специалисты по инженерному делу ответственны за разные сферы: есть инженеры-строители, транспортные инженеры, радиоинженеры. Что касается меня, я учусь в университете, чтобы создавать проекты мостов. Мне кажется, что эта деятельность особенно значима в современных мегаполисах, имеющих сложные ландшафт и планировку, а также на железных дорогах, пересекающих озёра и реки. Инженер должен разработать прочную и надёжную конструкцию моста и тщательно выбрать материалы. Если он сделает ошибку, грузовой транспорт и люди окажутся под угрозой. Кроме того, мосты могут быть не только необходимы, но и прекрасны: я восхищаюсь мостом Золотые Ворота в Сан-Франциско и мостами Венеции.
When my parents start to ask me what is my future profession I have no answer. It’s not so easy for me to decide what exactly I want to do in my life. I had different hobbies and I liked many things and now I can see more or less what I would like to do.
I thought many times which job is good for me. What job I would like to do with pleasure and joy. For me it’s important to find my vocation and I think I have already found it.
All my life I liked constructors and puzzles. My parents bought for me different models and variants of. I spent a lot of time to make them and I succeed. There is only one profession can be perfect for me I guess. I have to become an engineer.
For this job you have to be smart and you need to have good imagination, you have to be good in maths and physics and also you need tons of patience. Also you have to develop new skills and learn new things every day. This is how I see the qualities of a good engineer. Of course you need to have good memory for this job as well.
I see myself a very good engineer in future. According me I have all the necessary qualities to become a good and professional engineer. Another good thing is that this job is important all over the world. You can go to any country and you will be able to find work everywhere. That’s why it’s also important to learn foreign languages.
I am exciting to start my career soon. I have many different ideas what I want to do. Sometimes I am so much surprised how many different projects I have in my head. First I would like to have some practice with the most experienced engineers. That’s why I would like to go to Italy or Great Britain because I like so much that architecture. I am not a person of art, but art inspires me a lot. And honestly I think the greatest artist in the world are engineers.
Engineering is a term applied to the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied to the efficient use of the materials and forces of nature. Engineers are the ones who have received professional training in pure and applied science.Before the middle of the 18th century, large-scale construction work was usually placed in the hands of military engineers. Military engineering involved such work as the preparation of topographical maps, the location, design, and construction of roads and bridges; and the building of forts and docks; see Military Engineering below. In the 18th century, however, the term civil engineering came into use to describe engineering work that was performed by civilians for nonmilitary purposes.
Civil engineering is the broadest of the engineering fields. Civil engineering focuses on the infrastructure of the world which include Water works, Sewers, Dams, Power Plants, Transmission Towers/Lines, Railroads, Highways, Bridges, Tunnels, Irrigation Canals, River Navigation, Shipping Canals, Traffic Control, Mass Transit, Airport Runways, Terminals, Industrial Plant Buildings, Skyscrapers, etc. Among the important subdivisions of the field are construction engineering, irrigation engineering, transportation engineering, soils and foundation engineering, geodetic engineering, hydraulic engineering, and coastal and ocean engineering.
Civil engineers build the world’s infrastructure. In doing so, they quietly shape the history of nations around the world. Most people can not imagine life without the many contributions of civil engineers to the public’s health, safety and standard of living. Only by exploring civil engineering’s influence in shaping the world we know today, can we creatively envision the progress of our tomorrows.
One of my friends, Dmitry Shevelev, lives in Vladivostok now though he was born in Nakhodka. Some years ago he graduated from the one of our institutions and became an engineer. Now he lives near his office. He usually walks there. He works on weekdays. I can’t say that he works hard, but all his mates like him because he is a good mixer or, as you may say, he is very communicable person. He doesn’t work on Saturday or Sunday. His working day usually lasts for eight hours. His duties are to answer all incoming letters and calls, to meet with different specialists, to help junior engineers. He often tells me that he likes his job. I usually meet him after the work and we speak about life. He is very glad that he found such work where he can show all his talents. Though there is a difference between our ages, we have much in common. He is among my best friends.
By the way, my friend knows English very well (he finished school #13). It helps him a lot as every year various foreign delegations come to their office. These delegations change different technologies with our specialists and discuss many problems. All foreigners thought Shevelev to be the best translator in their institute.
Reasons for liking it
The profession of an architect is quite creative. There are hardly any restrictions. It means that while working an architect creates his or her own masterpiece. In this profession the space for your own thinking and vision is infinite. Of course, there are some building owner’s requirements and orders you need to take into consideration, but you still have a possibility to follow your own preferences.
In architecture it is hard to know everything about different types of buildings. So there is always a chance to learn something new.
Another advantage is that you will never be bored because there will be no identical projects.
Prospects of the profession
Nowadays, profession of an architect is in high demand. This job is very well-paid and there are good career prospects. However, one must remember that it can be quite a long way from an apprentice to a chief architect.
But hard work pays off. Besides, this is the profession which can bring a world-wide recognition. There are a lot of famous architects whose works are well-known all over the world. Among them, Cesar Pelli and his Petronas Twin Towers, Frank Owen Gehry and his Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Santiago Calatrava and his Auditorio de Tenerife and many others.
Моя профессия
Выбор профессии – важный шаг в жизни каждого человека. Многие из нас начинают задумываться над этим, еще будучи в школе. Я всегда знал, кем хочу стать. Я выбрал профессию архитектора и успешно сдал вступительные экзамены.
There are many different professions, many of them are very useful and interesting. Some of them we can call “professions of future”. They are not usual professions. They are connected with new technologies (information technologies, nanotechnologies, etc.) That’s why these professions are called “professions” or “jobs” of future. In my opinion, these jobs will be the most demanded. I dream to get such profession.
New technologies, of course, play very important role in all spheres of our life. Nowadays they are used in education, TV, design, space exploration and so on. I think that medicine of future will not develop without new technologies. In reality, jobs connected with these spheres of life will be the most demanded in future. Everyone wants to be modern, experienced specialist. That’s why many students choose these new professions.
I also want to choose the profession connected with new technologies. I dream to be a doctor since childhood. I understand now that nanotechnology, gene engineering broaden possibilities of medicine. It’s great that in future doctors will be able to change human organs by organs grown from one mew. And that means that human life will last longer. Medicine has already delivered people from many mortal diseases, such as plague, smallpox. Thanks to new technologies people will be able to live longer and there will be no mortal diseases anymore.
New technologies are necessary not only in medicine but they are necessary in TV too. TV is one of the best inventions man has ever made. We are beginning to forget whatthe world was like without TV. TV is a great force which attracts millions of people to the screens. We can’t imagine our life without TV-sets. TV-set is a “member” of family, especially for lonely people. TV is also developing very quickly. It was invented at the beginning of the 20th century. At the beginning of the 21st century TV-set is in every house. And now it is not a huge box with a lens, it is a thin board. It became possible only thanks to new technologies. In my opinion, professions connected with TV will be demanded in future. Probably many students want to be operators, producers of 3D film or producers of new digital shows.
I am sure that modern movies can’t go without new technologies. And soon it will be boring to watch films without special effects which are given by new digital technologies. Even old black-white film will be modified. So, all professions connected with the world movie production will be widely demanded in future.
New technologiesplay important part, in life on our planet, it they can present us life on other planets, discover Universe. And, of course, job of spaceman or constructor of spaceships will be very useful in future.
As you may see, there are a large number of different professions. But not all jobs will be demanded in future. I think future belongs to the professions connected with new technologies. New technologies rule the world and we are a small part of this huge machine.
Copyright © Russian centres of City and Guilds
Hi, everyone! My name is Olga, and I’m graduating from school this year. As for many teenagers, the choice of future career is a real challenge for me. There are so many jobs, so it’s rather difficult to make the right decision. Furthermore, I’m firmly convinced that the choice of future career is essential, and I don’t want to regret it for the rest of my life.
So I have been thinking about it for a long time. I have discussed it many times with my parents and closest friends, but I’m still a bit confused.
Firstly, I had a wish to do something I am keen on. I suppose turning your hobby into your future job is a great way one can become a successful specialist. I think I’m not bad at writing stories. I absolutely adore it! I can spend evenings thinking about the characters and the plot of my stories. I’m also fond of making illustrations to them. In addition, all the process of story making is very enjoyable to me. That’s why I firmly believe that working as a writer is the best variant for me.
The only problem is that my parents totally disagree with me. They say it’s not the right way to make money and it’s just my childish dream. They think I must be realistic and force me to become a programmer. I love computers and I spend quite a lot of time sitting in front of one, but programming is a completely different thing. I’m attending a programming course at the moment, so I can see it’s not something I’d really want to do.
Thus, I hope I’ll be able to make the right choice, but for now future career is still an open issue.
Сочинение на тему Моя будущая профессия
Всем привет! Меня зовут Ольга, и я заканчиваю школу в этом году. Для меня, как и для многих подростков, выбор будущей профессии является настоящим испытанием. Существует так много профессий, поэтому очень тяжело принять верное решение. К тому же, я глубоко убеждена, что выбор будущей профессии существенно важен, и мне не хочется сожалеть о нем всю мою дальнейшую жизнь.
Я размышляю об этом уже долго. Обсуждала этот вопрос с моими родителями и близкими друзьями уже много раз, но я все еще в замешательстве.
Изначально я хотела заниматься тем, что мне нравится. Я думаю, превратив свое хобби в будущую профессию, можно стать успешным профессионалом. Думаю, мне хорошо дается написание рассказов. Я просто обожаю это. Я могу проводить целые вечера, продумывая персонажей, а также сюжет моих историй. Мне также нравится делать иллюстрации к ним. Более того, весь процесс, связанный с написанием рассказов очень занимателен. Поэтому я глубоко убеждена, что профессия писателя — наиболее подходящий для меня вариант.
Но есть одна проблема. Мои родители абсолютно не согласны со мной. Они говорят, что это не приносит доход и что это всего лишь моя детская мечта. Они считают, что я должна быть реалисткой и выбрать профессию программиста. Мне нравится работать с компьютером, и я провожу много времени за ним. Но программирование — это совсем другое. Я сейчас посещаю курс программирования, и я понимаю, что это не то, чем я бы хотела заниматься.
Итак, я надеюсь, что я смогу принять правильное решение, но пока вопрос выбора будущей профессии остается для меня открытым.
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My future profession
A child usually dreams to be a doctor, a teacher, a firefighter or even an astronaut in the future. These professions are very important, so it is wonderful when child’s dream comes true and he or she becomes an expert in the particular field, for example, in medicine.
I think that everyone should work. It may be easy or difficult work, well-paid or low-paid. However, what is even more important is that the work must bring the joy. Of course, the salary is important nowadays but if you are not happy with your job, the salary will mean almost nothing. In this case you should find something else, something that will make you smile. This work even may become just a little addition to the main job.
My dream is to become an interpreter in the future. Why have I chosen this particular profession? The answer is quite simple. I like studying foreign languages and cultures. When I study a new foreign language, a new world seems to be opened to me. I can find something unusual, unique, fascinating or even strange there but it is the wonderful experience.
The profession of an interpreter gives you an opportunity to meet new people from different countries or social groups. It teaches you to make decisions right here and right now. It is the experience that you cannot get even being a translator, for example. This is the main reason why I want to be an interpreter.
I will do my best to become an interpreter in the future because this is the work that can make me happy.
Перевод:
Моя будущая профессия
Ребенок обычно мечтает стать в будущем врачом, учителем, пожарным или даже космонавтом. Эти профессии очень важны, поэтому замечательно, когда мечта ребенка сбывается и он или она становится специалистом в определенной сфере деятельности, например, в медицине.
Я думаю, что каждый человек должен работать. Это может быть легкая или сложная работа, хорошо оплачиваемая или низкооплачиваемая. Однако, что еще важнее: работа должна приносить радость. Конечно, зарплата играет значимую роль в наши дни, но если вы не довольны своей работой, зарплата будет значить для вас уже не так много. В этом случае вы должны найти что-то другое, то, что заставит вас улыбнуться. Эта работа даже может стать всего лишь небольшим дополнением к вашей основной профессии.
Моя мечта – это стать в будущем устным переводчиком. Почему я выбрала именно эту профессию? Ответ довольно прост. Я люблю изучать иностранные языки и культуры. Когда я изучаю новый иностранный язык, для меня словно открывается новый мир, в котором я могу найти что-то необычное, уникальное, увлекательное или даже странное, но это замечательный опыт.
Профессия переводчика дает возможность познакомиться с новыми людьми из разных стран или социальных групп. Она учит вас принимать решения здесь и сейчас. Это тот опыт, который вы не можете получить, например, даже будучи письменным переводчиком. Это основная причина, почему я хочу быть именно устным переводчиком.
Я сделаю все возможное, чтобы стать устным переводчиком в будущем, потому что это та работа, которая может сделать меня счастливым.
Автор — Ирина Селезнева
We live in the era of high technologies, and we use modern inventions in our everyday life because they have brought us much comfort. New technologies have spread on every field over the past 15 years. Moreover, they are rapidly changing. For example, video-recorders, DVD-players or compact disks have already become obsolete and have been replaced by more up-to-date devices. Today we can hardly imagine our life without such modern mobile devices as cell phones or laptops. Our offices are fully equipped with computers, printers, scanners, air-conditioners, interactive whiteboards and wi-fi modems. Household appliances (vacuum-cleaners, coffee-machines, dish-washers, food processors and others) help us to save our time and energy.
However, we should realize that digital and electronic inventions have both negative and positive impact on our daily life.
I am absolutely positive that new technologies or gadgets are making things faster, easier, more comfortable and interesting. For instance, if you install a GPS (Global Positioning System) in your car you’ll never get lost again. And could we imagine just 15 years ago all the things we can do on the wireless Internet nowadays: connecting with friends from all over the world, online shopping and banking, distance online learning, finding virtual relationships and even working from home? Isn’t that awesome?! Our parents used to go to post-offices to send letters or pay bills, they went to libraries to find a good book and they used telephone-booths for phone-calls.
On the other hand, I know some people who are strongly against some modern inventions because they really miss those days when they talked to each other face to face in reality, and not virtually. I partially agree with that as I really believe that people are becoming anti-social and too dependent on their gadgets. Some of my friends also spend half of the time occupying their shiny gadgets (smart-phones or i-pads) even when we go out together. Besides, people who use various social networks a lot (such as Facebook or Instagram) should worry more about their privacy.
Summing up, I could say that there are serious arguments both for and against the use of new technologies but anyway it’s really difficult to imagine our life without them today.
Новые технологии в нашей жизни
Мы живем в эпоху высоких технологий и пользуемся современными изобретениями в повседневной жизни, поскольку они принесли нам много комфорта. Новые технологии распространились в каждой области за последние 15 лет. Более того, они стремительно меняются. Например, видеомагнитофоны, DVD-плееры или компакт-диски стали уже устаревшими, и им на смену пришли более современные устройства. Сегодня мы с трудом можем представить нашу жизнь без таких современных мобильных приборов, как сотовые телефоны или ноутбуки. Наши офисы полностью оборудованы компьютерами, принтерами, сканерами, кондиционерами, интерактивными досками и wi-fi модемами. Бытовые приборы (пылесосы, кофе-машины, посудомоечные машины, кухонные комбайны и другие) помогают нам экономить время и энергию.
Однако, нам следует понимать, что цифровые и электронные изобретения имеют как отрицательное, так и положительное влияние на нашу повседневную жизнь.
Я полностью согласен с тем, что новые технологии или гаджеты делают многие вещи быстрее, легче, удобнее и интереснее. К примеру, если вы устанавливаете в своем автомобиле GPS (Глобальную Навигационную Систему), вы больше никогда не заблудитесь. А могли ли мы представить всего лишь 15 лет назад все то, что можем делать сегодня по беспроводному интернету: связь с друзьями по всему миру, онлайн покупки и банковские операции, дистанционное онлайн обучение, поиск виртуальных знакомств и даже работу из дома? Разве это не здорово?! Наши родители раньше отправлялись в почтовое отделение для того, чтобы отсылать письма или оплачивать счета, они ходили в библиотеки для того, чтобы найти хорошую книгу и пользовались телефонными будками для того, чтобы позвонить.
С другой стороны, я знаю людей, которые категорически против некоторых современных изобретений, так как им очень не хватает тех дней, когда они общались друг с другом, лицом к лицу в реальности, а не виртуально. Частично я согласен с этим, потому что я считаю, что люди становятся анти-социальными и слишком зависимыми от своих гаджетов. Некоторые мои друзья также посвящают половину времени своим блестящим гаджетам (смартфонам или ай-пэдам), даже когда мы выходим вместе погулять. Кроме того, людям, которые много пользуются социальными сетями (такими, как Фэйсбук или Инстарграм), нужно побеспокоиться о защите своей личной информации.
Подводя итог, я бы сказал, что существуют серьезные аргументы за и против использования новых технологий, но, в любом случае, в наши дни уже будет очень сложно представить жизнь без них.
There is a wide choice of different professions and I`d like to tell you about my hesitation what to choose. In my childhood I wanted to become a famous singer or actor but when I was aware of all the difficulties of these professions I decided to refuse of my dream. Then I was going to become a vet. I imagined myself treating different animals, taking care of them, feeding and walking with them in the park, but this dream hadn`t also come true.
It goes without saying that every person must choose his profession according his natural abilities and inclinations to it. So I have decided to connect my life with a profession of a teacher because I am sure that it`s my cup of tea. On the one hand it`s a great responsibility for children, on the other hand it`s a very interesting, exciting and valuable profession in our life. Besides you won`t be able to succeed as a teacher if you don`t like children. Your success depends on a lot of things. At first you should be communicative, very organized and hardworking. You must be skilful in your profession. It is also necessary to understand pupils, give them a helping hand and be ready to solve their problems. More than that you must be polite and tactful.
Profession of a teacher is a great profession and it is known that who doesn`t work in this sphere, won`t be able to understand all the essence of it.
Nowadays there are thousands of different occupations but the most important role in choosing this or that one, plays a salary, of course. It is so, but to my mind, it`s impossible to work only for that purpose “earning a lot of money”.Our job must bring us satisfaction and always only pleasant emotions. So in conclusion I`d like to advise people to choose their profession carefully, taking every thing into their consideration.
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Рабочий день инженера-The working day of an engineer
Топик по английскому языку “The working day of an engineer – Рабочий день инженера”
One of my friend, Dmity Shevelev, lives in Vladivostok now though he was born in Nakhodka. Some years ago he graduated from the one of our institutions and became an engineer. Now he lives near his office. He usually walks there.
He works on weekdays. I can’t say that he work hard, but all his mates like him because he is a good mixer or, as you may say, he is very communicable person. He doesn’t work on Saturday or Sunday. His working day usually lasts for eight hours. His duties are to answer all incoming letters and calls, to meet with different specialists, to help young engineers. He often tells me that he likes his job. I usually meet him after the work and we speak about life. He is very glad that he found such work where he can show all his talents. Though there is a difference between our ages, we have much in common. He is among my best friends. By the way, my friend knows English rather well (he finished school #13). It helps him a lot as every year various foreign delegations come to their office. These delegations change different technologies with our specialists and discuss many problems. All foreigners thought Shevelev to be the best translator in their institute.
Перевод топика: Рабочий день инженера
Один из моего друга, Дмайтай Шевелева, живет во Владивостоке теперь, хотя он родился в Находке. Несколько лет назад он закончил то из наших учреждений и стал инженером. Теперь он живет около его офиса. Он обычно идет туда.
Он воздействует на будние дни. Я не могу сказать, что он упорно трудится, но все его помощники как он, потому что он – хороший миксер или, поскольку Вы можете сказать, он – очень общительный человек. Он не воздействует в субботу или в воскресенье. Его рабочий день обычно длится в течение восьми часов. Его обязанности состоят в том, чтобы ответить на все поступающие письма и запросы, встречаться с различными специалистами, помогать молодым инженерам. Он часто говорит мне, что он любит его работу. Я обычно встречаю его после работы, и мы говорим о жизни. Он очень рад, что он нашел такую работу, где он может показать все его таланты. Хотя есть различие между нашими возрастами, мы имеем много вместе. Он – среди моих лучших друзей. Между прочим, мой друг знает английский язык скорее хорошо (он закончил школу #13). Это помогает ему много как каждый год, различные иностранные делегации приезжают в их офис. Эти делегации изменяют различные технологии с нашими специалистами и обсуждают много проблем. Все иностранцы думали, что Шевелев был лучшим переводчиком в их институте.
Vocabulary:
Questions:
Перевод:
Современный человек едва ли может представить свою жизнь без машин. Ежедневно или появляются новые устройства, или улучшаются уже существующие. Люди по-разному относятся к новым изобретениям. Некоторые полагают, что сложные гаджеты на самом деле полезны и необходимо, в то время, как другие считают их ужасными из-за их отрицательного влияния на людей. Что касается меня, я абсолютно уверена в том, что новые устройства делают нашу жизнь легче.
Во-первых, они выполняют всю грязную и тяжелую работу, такую как уборка. Во-вторых, устройства экономят как время, так и место. Например, компьютерный диск может вмещать столько же информации, как несколько толстых книг. Итак, машины помогают людям в разных сферах деятельности.
Однако противники этой точки зрения абсолютно уверены в том, что новые изобретения отрицательно влияют на людей. Люди не хотят работать из-за влияния устройств. Они становятся ленивыми и неорганизованными. Они ждут, когда их последние изобретения сделают всё за них. Более того, по мнению ученых, многие широко распространенные гаджеты обладают излучением, которое может вызвать серьёзные проблемы со здоровьем. Кроме того, всё больше и больше людей становятся зависимыми от компьютера, телевизора или мобильного телефона. Они игнорируют свои домашние обязанности, учебу или работу и проводят всё своё время перед ноутбуком или экраном телевизора.
В заключение, я считаю, что, несмотря на все имеющиеся недостатки, достоинства гаджетов намного более занчительны, так как они экономят время и позволяют людям наслаждаться жизнью!
Каменская Татьяна
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Some people believe that teenagers should study all the time because it is one of the most important things for them at their age. Others tend to think that education is not such a valuable aspect of teenagers’ life as it may seem. In this essay I am going to detail my own view on this issue.
• Volunteering is essential for teenagers
Many modern teenagers are involved in volunteering, and their involvement appears to be controversial. Some people appreciate teenagers’ participation in social projects while others would prefer teenagers to pay more attention to themselves. In this essay I am going to detail my position on this issue.
• Studying knows no holidays
Some people believe that studying is a continuous proccess while others tend to think that there is no necessity to spend every hour of your life on acquiring knowledge and developing skills. In this essay I am going to express myself on this issue.
• An early choice of a career path is the key to success
All people want to be successful in life and they expect their career to give them all the good things of life. The question is when it is better to make a career choice. Some people believe that career decisions should be made at an early age, while others are sure that one should take some time and think it out.
• Fast food is the food of the future
It is difficult to imagine our life without fast food. It is gradually forcing out the traditional cuisine, and many people are sure that fast food will dominate in the future.
• New information technologies cannot make one smarter
As a matter of fact, we live in the age of information technologies, varying in complexity, size, and purpose. Personal computers, computer nets, laptops, smartphones are great inventions used by people every day. The question is whether these gadgets make mankind smarter.
• Studying online is better than going to a regular class
The modern world is experiencing great changes in almost every sphere of life including education. Nowadays, young people have a variety of educational systems. Online classes are becoming more and more popular.
• Exams motivate students to study harder
If you go to school or university, you are faced with a number of exams. Basically, these exams are supposed to test your knowledge and skills. Also, they may motivate you to study harder.
• Sport is the best way to reduce stress
Our life is full of stress. Many people live under the press of economic, social and other problems. These people find different ways to get rid of stress, and one of them is sport.
• Chinese will replace English as an international language
At any age there are languages that dominate all over the world. These languages are spoken and understood by the majority of people. Nowadays, English enjoys the most popularity, yet Chinese seems to have better perspectives.
• Fast food outlets should be closed
Fast food is a flourishing modern industry conquering the whole world. It is not top-secret that this kind of food is far from being healthy. It causes serious diseases like obesity, cancer, diabetes, and, for that matter, many people want fast food outlets to be closed everywhere.
• Honesty is the best policy
From an early age we have been taught to be honest with people around us. Our parents and teachers always make us tell the truth and disapprove of a lie. Yet many of us consider honesty not to be the best policy.
• Family is the most important thing in life
People put much value upon different things, for example, money, freedom, friends, etc. But it is often stated that family has to be on top of all things.
• It is difficult to understand jokes from other countries
Everybody likes to laugh that is why he/she often watches comedies and humorous shows, reads funny stories. Some people consume all this content no matter where it comes from, others ignore foreign humour because they find it difficult to understand.
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Everyone wants to be rich and happy. Some people see the direct connection between money and happiness, others consider them to be two different things.
• The best way to lose weight is following a diet
There are many ways to loose weight, and following a diet is one of the most popular ones. But is being on a diet the best strategy to grow thin?
• It is better to read a book than to watch its film version
Nowadays, more and more people neglect books and prefer watching their film versions. The question is whether it is a positive tendency or not.
• Clothes people are wearing can influence their behaviour
We cannot imagine our life without clothes, the main function of which is protective. Clothes protect us from cold and hot weather, from rain and snow and from other negative effects of the environment. Also, clothes are considered to influence people’s behaviour.
• A person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily teach it
Nowadays, learning foregn languages is becoming more and more popular. Thus language teachers are in great demand everywhere. Many people, who are fluent in languages but are not educational specialists, are tempted to tackle the teaching.
• Virtual Internet communication results in losing real-life social skills
New technologies are developing at high speed these days, and their development is unstoppable. One of the most influential technologies is the Internet penetrating into every aspect of people’s life and endangering their real-life social skills.
• It is better to be a leader of a group than to be a simple member
All members of our society can be divided into two categories – leaders and ordinary members. Their functions, levels of responsibility and rewards are different. While leaders usually have high standards of living, ordinary people do with limited amenities of life.
• Children should be able to choose which subjects to learn at school
At school children are supposed to learn many subjects. Most of them are compulsory, that is why boys and girls often make a stand against them and say they want to choose subjects on their own.
• It is better to learn distantly than to go to traditional school
Technological progress has caused an argument about education. The thing is that some people believe that distant learning is better, and other people stick to the point that going to school is the only way to get good education.
• Some people think that extreme sports help to build character
Nowadays more and more people go in for extreme sports like skateboarding, base jumping, parachute jumping, mountaineering and others. They believe that extreme sports help to build character.
• Good books are those books that all people like and understand
Nowadays there is a great variety of literary writings varying in genre, volume, conceptual meaning, and so on. Some of them are recognized as good and worth reading without fail. But the question is how people manage to grade books and select good ones.
• Virtual travelling is better than the real thing
Nowadays the virtual world is gradually becoming an essential part of our life. On the Internet, there are a lot of photos and video presentations of different countries and cities so that you do not need to go and see them with your own eyes.
• Life is becoming more and more dangerous
Life is not fixed, and our living conditions are constantly changing. The question is whether they are changing for the better or the worse.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Public libraries are becoming less popular and they will soon disappear
Public libraries are supposed to store paper books and lend them to everyone who wants to borrow them. But modern technologies allow you to get a book you need without going to libraries.
• In any occupation discipline is more important than talent
Everyone wants to be successful in his or her occupation. The question is what the person needs more – discipline or talent.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Only people who earn a lot of money can be successful
All people in the world want to be successful. Most of them are convinced that success means much money.
• Every city and every town should have a zoo
It is always fun to visit a zoo. Both children and grown-ups like to watch different animals: mammals, reptiles and others. The problem is that not every city and every town has a zoo.
• Fast food kills national culinary traditions
Fast food is a fast-growing industry including thousands of restaurants and cafes throughout the country. It may seem that fast food is killing national culinary traditions.
• Some people think that you can have only one true friend
Friendship is one of the greatest phenomena of people’s life. The true friend is always ready to help and support us in any situation. Is it possible to have many true friends?
• Some people think that young people should follow in their parents’ footsteps when choosing a profession
Choosing a profession is a great problem because its solution affects almost every aspects of a person’s future life. To be on the safe side, many young people follow in their parents’ footsteps. Are they right or not?
• Some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money
Learning foreign languages is becoming more and more popular nowadays. A number of language schools and teachers is constantly growing up. But there are some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money.
• A pupil cannot study effectively without a computer
The computer is one of the greatest inventions of all times. It helps us to work, relax, and study. Computer technologies are widely used in education by both teachers and pupils. It is believed that computers help them to be more effective.
• Does love at first sight really exist? Is it a charming romantic fiction or a reality?
Love is a nice feeling that is the reason of durable family ties. If two persons love each other they are much more likely to reach mutual understanding and overcome difficulties of life.
• The Internet is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. Still, it is considered to be dangerous to many people.
Nowadays, almost every home has access to the Internet. We use the Internet for various purposes: gaining necessary information, taking part in communities, and even making money.
• More and more people are choosing to live in cities. But some people take up residence in the country.
Nowadays, there’s a tendency for active young people to leave rural areas for towns and cities. That is the reason why the population of the villages is thinning down now.
• Some people prefer to have big families, but the others come to nothing more than only one child
Family is a basic constituent of any nation. The well-being of the nation depends on the well-being of each family. A lot of factors make a family happy, and children are among of them. But how many children does a family need to be perfectly happy?
• Well-developed industry ensures the well-being of the whole country and its citizens. But industrial growth is often followed by aggravation of environmental problems.
Industrial development plays a large role in prosperity of any country. I doubt whether the country could do without leading industries, such as: heavy and light industry, power engineering, extractive industry, heavy engineering, chemical industry, etc.
• As is well known, going in for sport is extremely health-giving. However, many professional athletes suffer from diseases caused by intense exercises.
Nice shape, great stamina, bulging muscles are the dreams of most people. These dreams may come true thanks to sport.
• Fast food is perhaps the quickest way to satisfy your hunger. But according to many experts, fast food can cause serious illnesses: obesity, gastritis, indigestion, pancreatitis, etc.
You can hardly find a person who never heard about global fast food chains, such as McDonald’s, Subways, Burger King and so on. Nowadays, fast food industry is one of the most flourishing businesses all over the world.
• Not anyone who knows a foreign language can be an interpreter
Nowadays, being an interpreter is one of the most prestigious occupations. A lot of young people dream of becoming an interpreter, that’s why they study foreign languages very actively. Many of them achieve a good level of competence.
• School leavers should take a gap year before entering university
Many high school students take a gap year before entering university. This is a year in which they usually travel abroad and see the world to broaden their horizons. However, some people believe it’s better for them to go straight to university.
• Team sports help people develop a stronger character than individual sports do
There are many benefits to playing both team and individual sports. Apart from getting some exercise and improving your physical abilities, you can learn about your strengths and weakness and feel great about your accomplishments on the track or field. However, some people believe that team sports help develop a person’s character better.
• People have become too dependent on technology
These days, people use technology to do many things. They use computers at work, mobile phones for communication, and television to watch programmes. These devices are useful, but have people become too dependent on them?
• Governments should limit the size of sugary drink containers in order to improve public health
Whenever you visit a supermarket, there is always a huge selection of soft drinks. These drinks are popular because they’re full of sugar, which makes them taste great. It’s become a problem for some people who have gained weight from drinking them. So, should governments limit the size of the containers these drinks are sold in?
• People shouldn’t be allowed to work from home because it’s less productive than being in the office
More and more people are working from home rather than in an office. It has become easier to work at home because your work can be done on a computer and emailed into the office. But is this good for productivity?
• The production and sale of genetically-modified food should be banned
In an effort to improve our food supply, scientists have discovered ways to genetically modify food so that it grows faster and is less susceptible to disease. But should the production and sale of genetically-modified food be banned?
• Filmgoers should rely on reviews when choosing a film to see
Going to the cinema is a popular pastime that nearly everyone loves doing. It seems that every week, a dozen new films are released, and filmgoers are curious about which ones are worth seeing. Should filmgoers rely on reviews when choosing a film to see?
• Pushing children to achieve robs them of their childhood
Our world has become very competitive, and many parents want to do their best to prepare their children for success in life. Do parents push their children too hard when they’re young, taking away a happy childhood in the process?
• Just as teachers assess their students, so students should assess their teachers
It is a teacher’s job to assess students’ performance in class. They must mark students’ work and give them feedback on their progress. Should students also be allowed to assess their teachers on their performance?
• It’s always best to wear a business suit when you have an interview for a job
Getting a job takes a lot of effort, as you have to prepare yourself to answer a lot of questions about your skills and your history. You also have to look your best at the interview. Should you always wear a business suit to an interview?
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕМЫ СОЧИНЕНИЙ:
• Getting married and having children is the key to one’s happiness.
• The generation gap will always exist.
• Vegetarianism is the only way of healthy eating.
• Cloning people will break the normal life.
• Feng Shui makes people more successful.
• In 100 years, all the countries will be at peace.
• New technologies will make crime impossible.
• It is insane to live in a densely packed block of flats.
• Man should come back to nature and enjoy healthy pleasures of rural life.
• For the younger generation there is nothing in seclusion of a countryside.
• Joys of life in the country could be fully appreciated only by local people.
• It is necessary to build blocks of flats nowadays.
• Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made.
• It is strange that some movie stars earn millions of dollars a year.
• Watching violence in movies is bad for children.
• Technology has made the cinema a better thing.
• There is no future without the Internet.
• The growth of the Hollywood film industry has replaced quality with quantity.
• Cosmetic surgery can improve the quality of life.
• International sport is war without shooting.
• Telepathetic communication would lead to constant conflicts.
• President of a country is the most important person.
• Education opens the doors to happiness and success.
• University students should pay for their education.
• Earning money is more important than getting a good education.
• Your work is your identity.
• Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance.
• Fashion is a pure commerce.
• Marriage should be banned before a certain age.
• New technologies boost unemployment.