Many pupils go
on school trips. Some people say they are interesting and
educational. Other people say that they are a waste of time and
children should learn in the classroom.
Most teachers are convinced that there is more to learning than
lessons in the classroom. That is why they try to create
memorable learning experiences with the help of educational
school trips.
School trips include a wide range of outdoor educational and
residential courses, designed to stimulate, educate and motivate
pupils. To my mind, school trips help teachers inspire pupils
and bring subject areas to life. School trips broaden children’s
mind, improve their knowledge of history and geography and make
their lives interesting and eventful. Whether pupils want an
educational school trip within their country or abroad their aim
is the same: to enjoy sightseeing, to discover new things, to
meet interesting people and to get wonderful impressions and
learning experiences which educate, excite and inspire.
However, some parents don’t think that school trips are
essential. They believe that pupils can learn everything staying
in the classroom. Other parents don’t like the fact that they
have to pay for most school trips. Moreover, Moms and Dads are
often afraid of possible dangers and difficulties which may
arise during any school trip. Nevertheless, statistics show that
school trips are usually safe for children. But reasonable
safety measures are still required.
To sum up, a school trip is a challenging, rewarding and always
exciting experience. Pupils will have fun while learning new
skills and capabilities. There is no better way to foster team
building, positive attitudes and a sense of personal
achievement. I think that school trips will certainly benefit
pupils’ performance back at school. There are
people, who think that the best way to travel in a town or in a
city is on foot. However a lot of others prefer driving a car or
using public transport. Today everybody understands that time is money. We can’t
afford to spend much time on the road, so we use cars and public
transport to travel faster.
On the one hand, we shouldn’t forget that we can use our legs.
In my opinion, when people travel on foot, they can see much
more on their way and enjoy the sights of a town or a city. We
can stop wherever we want and admire a beautiful church or
monument or drop at a cafe or a shop. We won’t be stuck in a
traffic jam for several hours and we will certainly avoid road
accidents. What is more, travelling on foot is much healthier
that travelling by car or by bus. Walking is a perfect physical
exercise that strengthens the immune system, improves mental
health and helps prevent many diseases.
On the other hand, travelling by car or by bus saves much time
and effort. A lot of people prefer driving cars as they have
speed and comfort combined. When you travel by car, you don’t
depend on the weather. For example, if it rains you won’t get
soaked. If it is cold, you can turn on a heater. While driving,
you can listen to music or the latest news on the radio. Public
transport is not as popular as cars. Nevertheless, thousands of
people use it every day of their lives.
To conclude, it’s up to you to decide whether to travel on foot,
to drive a car or to use public transport. As for me, I am young
and energetic and I am for travelling on foot. Many people
prefer to travel abroad; others say that there is much to be
seen in our own country. Most people find travelling very exciting. It gives them an
opportunity to enjoy sightseeing, to discover new things, to
meet interesting people, to rest physically and morally and to
get wonderful impressions.
For me there is hardly anything more interesting and exciting
than a journey to a foreign country. I’ve been to London, Paris
and Rome and it is the most wonderful experience in my life.
Travelling abroad gives me a chance to feel thousands of miles
away from home, to visit great cities and small villages, to
admire foreign architecture, cuisine and culture, to make
friends and what not. What is more, it is the best way to
broaden your mind, to improve your knowledge of history and
geography and to make your life interesting.
However, a lot of people are sure that there is much to be seen
in our own country. Indeed, it is difficult to disagree with
them. There are many places of interest in my native town:
ancient churches, monuments, museums and parks. One can go to
Moscow and visit its theatres, cathedrals, art galleries and
what not. The Kremlin attracts thousands of tourists as it is
the heart of Moscow and the centre of the Russian government.
St. Petersburg, the former capital of Russia, is known for its
magnificent palaces, famous museums, beautiful buildings and
wide streets. Besides, there are many small towns and villages
in our country which are definitely worth visiting.
To conclude, we should learn everything about our own country
first of all. But if we want to learn more about the world
around us and to expand the mind, we should travel abroad. The car has
become the most popular means of transport in the history of the
world. However, some people say that the world would be better
off without cars. Nowadays, almost every family has a car. A lot of people say
that travelling by car is very convenient, while others are sure
that cars cause many problems.
In my opinion, the car is one of the most comfortable means of
transport. Firstly, travelling by car is fast and it helps you
save plenty of time. Secondly, it is comfortable because you
don’t have to buy any tickets and your car is always at your
disposal. Thirdly, when you travel by car, you don’t depend on
the weather. While driving, you can listen to music or the
latest news on the radio. And finally, you can stop where you
want and have a snack or enjoy nature.
On the other hand, travelling by car has a number of
disadvantages. First and foremost, it is bad for ecology and
health. Cars produce exhaust fumes which make the air foul and
destroy the ozone layer protecting the Earth from the dangerous
rays of the Sun. The car is not a safe means of travel as there
are a lot of car and bus crashes. Travelling by car is not very
convenient if the trip is long. Besides, it is rather expensive
as petrol is not cheap. What is more, when we travel by car, we
may be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours.
To sum up, I think it is rather difficult to do without cars
nowadays. But if we want to be healthy, we should sometimes ride
a bike or walk. Some people
think that travelling by plane is very comfortable and
convenient. Others say that it has a number of disadvantages. Nowadays we can’t imagine our lives without travelling. We
tend to travel longer distances and at much higher speeds. Most
people say there is nothing like travel by air for them.
Personally, I think that travelling by plane is very
comfortable, quick and thrilling. It helps me save plenty of
time and gives me an opportunity to visit out-of-the-way parts
of the world. I don’t have to worry about anything during the
flight. I can relax, listen to music, read a newspaper or take a
nap. The stewardess will take care of passengers during the
flight and will help them get comfortable in their seats. I can
always enjoy good service and tasty food. What is more,
travelling by plane gives me a wonderful opportunity to look
through the porthole and to admire beautiful landscapes.
However, some people don’t like travelling by air. Firstly, they
complain that it takes them much time to check in at the airport
and to have their baggage weighed. Secondly, some flights may be
delayed or cancelled because of unfavourable weather conditions.
Thirdly, those people who are airsick will hardly find the
flight very nice. Finally, aircraft engines emit noise and gases
and contribute to air pollution and global warming. Besides, a
lot of people doubt that travelling by plane is safe. They are
afraid of plane crashes and terrorists. But as a rule much
attention is paid to security: all luggage is screened and all
passengers are carefully examined.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by
plane or not. Anyway, all means of travel have their advantages
and disadvantages. Some people
consider hitch-hiking to be the best way of travelling. Others
think that hitchhiking is dangerous. Hitch-hikers travel by getting rides in other people’s cars.
When they want drivers to give them a lift, they stand on the
roadside and raise their hand or put out their thumb. Most
hitch-hikers also carry a sign with the name of the place they
want to go to. But is it safe to travel in such a way?
Personally, I think that hitch-hiking is a unique opportunity to
see different cities and countries. This way of travelling is
for enthusiastic people who want to reduce their road expenses.
If you want to travel but have no money, hitch-hiking is a
single way out. Hitch-hiking will help you get where you want to
go for nothing.
But nowadays hitch-hiking is less common than it used to be some
years ago. There have been cases of hitch-hikers or the drivers
who picked them up being attacked or killed. That is why people,
especially young women, should avoid hitching alone. It is also
necessary to be always friendly and polite with drivers in order
to avoid conflicts. Besides, a lot of people say that
hitchhiking is not for those who like comfort. Sometimes you
will have to walk, that is why you should travel light. You
should also prepare for your trip beforehand. You should have a
good idea of how to get where you are going and be informed
about road conditions and weather forecast.
To sum up, hitch-hiking is both exciting and dangerous. Anyway,
if you have decided to hitchhike, you should consult other
people and ask them to share their impressions. Some people
prefer travelling by train, while others say that it has a
number of disadvantages. Nowadays people travel more often than they did in the past.
There are different means of travel that provide you with
comfort and security, so passengers have a great variety of
choice available for them. Travelling by train is very popular
with many people, though it has a number of disadvantages as
well.
I am fond of travelling by train because I have speed, comfort
and pleasure combined. While travelling I can walk around, look
through the windows to enjoy a splendid view of the whole
countryside and sit where I can stretch my legs. If I am hungry,
I can go to the dining-car and have a meal. Trains can run in
bad weather. What is more, as trains are electrically-powered,
they are considered to be less harmful to the environment than
other forms of transport. The service is popular with passengers
because it is fast, efficient, comfortable and quiet.
However, some people say that they don’t like travelling by
train. Firstly, they always have to stand in a long line in
order to buy train tickets beforehand. Secondly, you cannot stop
where you want. Thirdly, when you travel by train, you always
have to get to the railway station first. Finally, travelling by
train is not very convenient if the trip is long. Of course,
travelling by train is not as fast as travelling by plane. But
one of the latest inventions is a high-speed train that can run
more than 200 km/h.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by
train or not. Anyway, travelling by train has both advantages
and disadvantages. Medical travel
is becoming more and more popular with many people» However,
others say that it has many disadvantages. Travelling abroad for medical treatment has been
increasingly growing lately. But why do many people choose to go
to foreign clinics and is medical travel as beneficial as it
seems to be?
Medical tourists go to foreign countries for different reasons.
Firstly, many patients want to undergo certain medical
procedures for lower prices. For example, the cost of different
operations in India, Thailand or South Africa is much lower than
in the United States or Western Europe. Secondly, medical travel
gives people the opportunity not only to receive first-rate care
from highly qualified specialists, but also to have a holiday in
an exotic country. Finally, many people go abroad in order to
avoid long waiting periods. In such countries as the USA or
Britain a person may wait for a certain medical procedure for a
year or even longer. But in other countries a patient can
receive the needed treatment immediately.
Nevertheless, some people say that undergoing treatment abroad
may be rather risky. For instance, infectious diseases in such
countries as Thailand or Malaysia are different from those in
North America and Europe. Foreign diseases may be extremely
dangerous to weakened patients. What is more, long flights
should be avoided after certain medical procedures.
Additionally, some holiday-related activities such as sunbathing
or swimming may worsen patients’ health. But to my mind, medical
tourism is great because people can combine leisure with medical
procedures.
To conclude, medical travel can save your money and give you an
opportunity to rest and visit other countries. However, one
should take all possible risks into consideration before making
the final decision to go abroad. Some people
are fond of travelling to exotic countries, while others say
that exotic travel is rather risky. Many people dream of exciting travels to sunny, beautiful
and interesting places in exotic countries. But every tourist
must remember that there are a number of risks that they need to
be aware of.
In my opinion, exotic travel gives you an opportunity to
participate in exciting experiences. In exotic countries you can
ride a camel or an elephant, enjoy modern cities or picturesque
little villages, admire ancient temples and what not. Travelling
to exotic countries many tourists would like to watch the daily
life of local people, to see mountains, jungles and beaches. I
believe that exotic travel is very rewarding because it can lead
to totally new understanding of diverse cultures and lifestyles.
Nevertheless, arranging a perfect travel to exotic places is not
an easy task. Travel agencies show tourists colorful catalogues
with beautiful beaches and modern hotels. Most people find it
difficult to explore this immensity of offers and spot the one
that would let them admire a truly stunning seaside, good
service, clean beaches and high quality hotels. Many tourists
feel ill at ease when they go to an exotic country because they
do not know much about its traditions and do not understand the
language. Some tourists may dislike the local food. Furthermore,
they have no natural immunity to foreign diseases. In addition,
tourists may have problems with insects, public transport,
thieves, insistent street vendors and so on.
To conclude, many people say that once you have tasted the
excitement of visiting exotic destinations, you’ll never want to
stop. However, tourists must take precautions in order to avoid
unpleasant situations and to remain safe and secure.
Из учебного пособия
“Открывая
мир с английским языком. 150 эссе для ЕГЭ. Готовимся к ЕГЭ” Юнёва С.А. 2011г.
Эссе / сочинение 1
Many pupils go on school trips. Some people say they are interesting
and educational. Other people say that they are a waste of time and
children should learn in the classroom. Most teachers are convinced that there is more to learning than
lessons in the classroom. That is why they try to create memorable
learning experiences with the help of educational school trips.
School trips include a wide range of outdoor educational and
residential courses, designed to stimulate, educate and motivate pupils.
To my mind, school trips help teachers inspire pupils and bring subject
areas to life. School trips broaden children’s mind, improve their
knowledge of history and geography and make their lives interesting and
eventful. Whether pupils want an educational school trip within their
country or abroad their aim is the same: to enjoy sightseeing, to
discover new things, to meet interesting people and to get wonderful
impressions and learning experiences which educate, excite and inspire.
However, some parents don’t think that school trips are essential.
They believe that pupils can learn everything staying in the classroom.
Other parents don’t like the fact that they have to pay for most school
trips. Moreover, Moms and Dads are often afraid of possible dangers and
difficulties which may arise during any school trip. Nevertheless,
statistics show that school trips are usually safe for children. But
reasonable safety measures are still required.
To sum up, a school trip is a challenging, rewarding and always
exciting experience. Pupils will have fun while learning new skills and
capabilities. There is no better way to foster team building, positive
attitudes and a sense of personal achievement. I think that school trips
will certainly benefit pupils’ performance back at school. Эссе / сочинение 2
There are people, who think that the best way to travel in a town or
in a city is on foot. However a lot of others prefer driving a car or
using public transport. Today everybody understands that time is money. We can’t afford to
spend much time on the road, so we use cars and public transport to
travel faster.
On the one hand, we shouldn’t forget that we can use our legs. In my
opinion, when people travel on foot, they can see much more on their way
and enjoy the sights of a town or a city. We can stop wherever we want
and admire a beautiful church or monument or drop at a cafe or a shop.
We won’t be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours and we will
certainly avoid road accidents. What is more, travelling on foot is much
healthier that travelling by car or by bus. Walking is a perfect
physical exercise that strengthens the immune system, improves mental
health and helps prevent many diseases.
On the other hand, travelling by car or by bus saves much time and
effort. A lot of people prefer driving cars as they have speed and
comfort combined. When you travel by car, you don’t depend on the
weather. For example, if it rains you won’t get soaked. If it is cold,
you can turn on a heater. While driving, you can listen to music or the
latest news on the radio. Public transport is not as popular as cars.
Nevertheless, thousands of people use it every day of their lives.
To conclude, it’s up to you to decide whether to travel on foot, to
drive a car or to use public transport. As for me, I am young and
energetic and I am for travelling on foot. Эссе / сочинение 3
Many people prefer to travel abroad; others say that there is much to be seen in our own country. Most people find travelling very exciting. It gives them an
opportunity to enjoy sightseeing, to discover new things, to meet
interesting people, to rest physically and morally and to get wonderful
impressions.
For me there is hardly anything more interesting and exciting than a
journey to a foreign country. I’ve been to London, Paris and Rome and it
is the most wonderful experience in my life. Travelling abroad gives me
a chance to feel thousands of miles away from home, to visit great
cities and small villages, to admire foreign architecture, cuisine and
culture, to make friends and what not. What is more, it is the best way
to broaden your mind, to improve your knowledge of history and geography
and to make your life interesting.
However, a lot of people are sure that there is much to be seen in
our own country. Indeed, it is difficult to disagree with them. There
are many places of interest in my native town: ancient churches,
monuments, museums and parks. One can go to Moscow and visit its
theatres, cathedrals, art galleries and what not. The Kremlin attracts
thousands of tourists as it is the heart of Moscow and the centre of the
Russian government. St. Petersburg, the former capital of Russia, is
known for its magnificent palaces, famous museums, beautiful buildings
and wide streets. Besides, there are many small towns and villages in
our country which are definitely worth visiting.
To conclude, we should learn everything about our own country first
of all. But if we want to learn more about the world around us and to
expand the mind, we should travel abroad. Эссе / сочинение 4
The car has become the most popular means of transport in the history
of the world. However, some people say that the world would be better
off without cars. Nowadays, almost every family has a car. A lot of people say that
travelling by car is very convenient, while others are sure that cars
cause many problems.
In my opinion, the car is one of the most comfortable means of
transport. Firstly, travelling by car is fast and it helps you save
plenty of time. Secondly, it is comfortable because you don’t have to
buy any tickets and your car is always at your disposal. Thirdly, when
you travel by car, you don’t depend on the weather. While driving, you
can listen to music or the latest news on the radio. And finally, you
can stop where you want and have a snack or enjoy nature.
On the other hand, travelling by car has a number of disadvantages.
First and foremost, it is bad for ecology and health. Cars produce
exhaust fumes which make the air foul and destroy the ozone layer
protecting the Earth from the dangerous rays of the Sun. The car is not a
safe means of travel as there are a lot of car and bus crashes.
Travelling by car is not very convenient if the trip is long. Besides,
it is rather expensive as petrol is not cheap. What is more, when we
travel by car, we may be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours.
To sum up, I think it is rather difficult to do without cars
nowadays. But if we want to be healthy, we should sometimes ride a bike
or walk.
Эссе / сочинение 5
Some people think that travelling by plane is very comfortable and convenient. Others say that it has a number of disadvantages. Nowadays we can’t imagine our lives without travelling. We tend to
travel longer distances and at much higher speeds. Most people say there
is nothing like travel by air for them.
Personally, I think that travelling by plane is very comfortable,
quick and thrilling. It helps me save plenty of time and gives me an
opportunity to visit out-of-the-way parts of the world. I don’t have to
worry about anything during the flight. I can relax, listen to music,
read a newspaper or take a nap. The stewardess will take care of
passengers during the flight and will help them get comfortable in their
seats. I can always enjoy good service and tasty food. What is more,
travelling by plane gives me a wonderful opportunity to look through the
porthole and to admire beautiful landscapes.
However, some people don’t like travelling by air. Firstly, they
complain that it takes them much time to check in at the airport and to
have their baggage weighed. Secondly, some flights may be delayed or
cancelled because of unfavourable weather conditions. Thirdly, those
people who are airsick will hardly find the flight very nice. Finally,
aircraft engines emit noise and gases and contribute to air pollution
and global warming. Besides, a lot of people doubt that travelling by
plane is safe. They are afraid of plane crashes and terrorists. But as a
rule much attention is paid to security: all luggage is screened and
all passengers are carefully examined.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by plane or
not. Anyway, all means of travel have their advantages and
disadvantages.
Эссе / сочинение 6
Some people consider hitch-hiking to be the best way of travelling. Others think that hitchhiking is dangerous. Hitch-hikers travel by getting rides in other people’s cars. When
they want drivers to give them a lift, they stand on the roadside and
raise their hand or put out their thumb. Most hitch-hikers also carry a
sign with the name of the place they want to go to. But is it safe to
travel in such a way?
Personally, I think that hitch-hiking is a unique opportunity to see
different cities and countries. This way of travelling is for
enthusiastic people who want to reduce their road expenses. If you want
to travel but have no money, hitch-hiking is a single way out.
Hitch-hiking will help you get where you want to go for nothing.
But nowadays hitch-hiking is less common than it used to be some
years ago. There have been cases of hitch-hikers or the drivers who
picked them up being attacked or killed. That is why people, especially
young women, should avoid hitching alone. It is also necessary to be
always friendly and polite with drivers in order to avoid conflicts.
Besides, a lot of people say that hitchhiking is not for those who like
comfort. Sometimes you will have to walk, that is why you should travel
light. You should also prepare for your trip beforehand. You should
have a good idea of how to get where you are going and be informed about
road conditions and weather forecast.
To sum up, hitch-hiking is both exciting and dangerous. Anyway, if
you have decided to hitchhike, you should consult other people and ask
them to share their impressions.
Эссе / сочинение 7
Some people prefer travelling by train, while others say that it has a number of disadvantages. Nowadays people travel more often than they did in the past. There
are different means of travel that provide you with comfort and
security, so passengers have a great variety of choice available for
them. Travelling by train is very popular with many people, though it
has a number of disadvantages as well.
I am fond of travelling by train because I have speed, comfort and
pleasure combined. While travelling I can walk around, look through the
windows to enjoy a splendid view of the whole countryside and sit where I
can stretch my legs. If I am hungry, I can go to the dining-car and
have a meal. Trains can run in bad weather. What is more, as trains are
electrically-powered, they are considered to be less harmful to the
environment than other forms of transport. The service is popular with
passengers because it is fast, efficient, comfortable and quiet.
However, some people say that they don’t like travelling by train.
Firstly, they always have to stand in a long line in order to buy train
tickets beforehand. Secondly, you cannot stop where you want. Thirdly,
when you travel by train, you always have to get to the railway station
first. Finally, travelling by train is not very convenient if the trip
is long. Of course, travelling by train is not as fast as travelling by
plane. But one of the latest inventions is a high-speed train that can
run more than 200 km/h.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by train or
not. Anyway, travelling by train has both advantages and disadvantages.
Эссе / сочинение 8
Medical travel is becoming more and more popular with many people. However, others say that it has many disadvantages. Travelling abroad for medical treatment has been increasingly growing
lately. But why do many people choose to go to foreign clinics and is
medical travel as beneficial as it seems to be?
Medical tourists go to foreign countries for different reasons.
Firstly, many patients want to undergo certain medical procedures for
lower prices. For example, the cost of different operations in India,
Thailand or South Africa is much lower than in the United States or
Western Europe. Secondly, medical travel gives people the opportunity
not only to receive first-rate care from highly qualified specialists,
but also to have a holiday in an exotic country. Finally, many people go
abroad in order to avoid long waiting periods. In such countries as the
USA or Britain a person may wait for a certain medical procedure for a
year or even longer. But in other countries a patient can receive the
needed treatment immediately.
Nevertheless, some people say that undergoing treatment abroad may be
rather risky. For instance, infectious diseases in such countries as
Thailand or Malaysia are different from those in North America and
Europe. Foreign diseases may be extremely dangerous to weakened
patients. What is more, long flights should be avoided after certain
medical procedures. Additionally, some holiday-related activities such
as sunbathing or swimming may worsen patients’ health. But to my mind,
medical tourism is great because people can combine leisure with medical
procedures.
To conclude, medical travel can save your money and give you an
opportunity to rest and visit other countries. However, one should take
all possible risks into consideration before making the final decision
to go abroad.
Эссе / сочинение 9
Some people are fond of travelling to exotic countries, while others say that exotic travel is rather risky. Many people dream of exciting travels to sunny, beautiful and
interesting places in exotic countries. But every tourist must remember
that there are a number of risks that they need to be aware of.
In my opinion, exotic travel gives you an opportunity to participate
in exciting experiences. In exotic countries you can ride a camel or an
elephant, enjoy modern cities or picturesque little villages, admire
ancient temples and what not. Travelling to exotic countries many
tourists would like to watch the daily life of local people, to see
mountains, jungles and beaches. I believe that exotic travel is very
rewarding because it can lead to totally new understanding of diverse
cultures and lifestyles.
Nevertheless, arranging a perfect travel to exotic places is not an
easy task. Travel agencies show tourists colorful catalogues with
beautiful beaches and modern hotels. Most people find it difficult to
explore this immensity of offers and spot the one that would let them
admire a truly stunning seaside, good service, clean beaches and high
quality hotels. Many tourists feel ill at ease when they go to an exotic
country because they do not know much about its traditions and do not
understand the language. Some tourists may dislike the local food.
Furthermore, they have no natural immunity to foreign diseases. In
addition, tourists may have problems with insects, public transport,
thieves, insistent street vendors and so on.
To conclude, many people say that once you have tasted the excitement
of visiting exotic destinations, you’ll never want to stop. However,
tourists must take precautions in order to avoid unpleasant situations
and to remain safe and secure.
Рекомендации при написании эссе (сочинения с элементами рассуждения)На первый взгляд может показаться, что написать эссе (сочинение) на английском языке – это чрезвычайно сложно. Но если знать и соблюдать некоторые правила, то написание эссе (сочинения) будет не таким уж и страшным делом.
Итак, при написании эссе (сочинения) учитывайте следующие моменты:
Придерживайтесь формального стиля письма. Помните, что сокращения типа don’t, can’t, I’m, it’s – это не формальный стиль. Также избегайте восклицательных знаков, что тоже не соответствует нейтральности формального стиля. Следите за лексикой и не используйте таких фраз, как: well, to tell the truth и др. Эти фразы не соответствуют формальному стилю.
Разделите ваше эссе (сочинение) на несколько логических частей (абзацев). В первом абзаце представьте проблему, которую будете рассматривать в эссе. Чтобы правильно это сделать, переформулируйте тему. Не повторяйте тему, а переформулируйте ее!
Далее рассмотрите проблему с двух сторон – найдите два-три аргумента, поддерживающих одну точку зрения и столько же – в пользу другой. Не надо писать все аргументы, которые приходят в голову. Выберите два-три самых весомых и изложите их.
Выскажите свое отношение к проблеме. В двух-трех предложениях объясните, почему вы так думаете. Не повторяйте дословно уже приведенную аргументацию. Используйте перефразирование.
В последнем абзаце сделайте вывод по проблеме.
Следите за объемом эссе (сочинения). Принцип “чем больше, тем лучше” здесь неприменим. Эксперт, проверяющий вашу работу жестко отсчитывает нужное количество слов и проверяет только тот объем, который укладывается в норму. Эссе (сочинение) менее установленного объема вообще не проверяется и никак не оценивается.
Многие люди любят путешествовать. Они посещают другие города и страны, узнают новые культуры и традиции, заводят друзей среди иностранцев по всему миру.
Существует много средств передвижения: поезда, самолеты, корабли и автомобили. Некоторые люди путешествуют на велосипеде или пешком. Проживание также не проблема. Туризм – крупный бизнес, и по всему миру есть отели, в которых могут остановиться путешественники.
Я очень люблю путешествия. Они приносят новые впечатления и делают жизнь ярче. Мое любимое средство передвижения – поезд. Самолет слишком быстрый. Когда ты путешествуешь на поезде, ты чувствуешь дорогу. Мне нравится звук колес. В поезде я обычно сажусь у окна и читаю книгу. Иногда я лежу и слушаю аудиокнигу.
У меня нет любимых стран. На мой взгляд, все страны – хорошие места для путешествий. Мне нравится путешествовать в другие российские города, равно как и путешествовать за границу. Из российских городов я была в Новосибирске, Екатеринбурге, Москве, Иркутске, Хабаровске, Владивостоке и Южно-Сахалинске. Я также съездила на Алтай.
Я также была за границей. Я ездила в Польшу, Чехию, Финляндию, Швецию, Данию и Норвегию. Последняя мне понравилась больше всего. Норвегия – страна с невероятной природой; у меня осталось много ярких впечатлений. Я думаю, что впечатления – важнейшая часть любой поездки.
В заключение я хотела бы сказать, что путешествия – это лучший способ провести отпуск. Лучше съездить куда-нибудь, чем потратить деньги на вещи. Потому что вещи временны, а воспоминания бесценны. Так разве это не лучший способ отдохнуть?
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It’s always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.
Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun.
Most travelers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them – the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they have had.
People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by car, by bike and on foot. People travel to have a holidays or to have business. If people have business trips they choose the fastest transport. They often travel by plane or by train. It is very expensive but it is very fast. And if people want to have a rest they choose traveling by boat, by car, on horseback and etc. All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations.
If we are fond of traveling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.
Going abroad nowadays is a usual thing for many families. Some people, however, stay unsatisfied with the time they have spent in a foreign country. What are the advantaged and disadvantages of travelling abroad or is it worth staying at home?
One of the main advantages is the experiance you get from being in a foreign country. While being abroad you have the opportunity to pracrise the language and sosialise with citizens of the country you visit. This is especially beneficial if your occupation is connected with a foreign language.
Furthermore, you get aquainted with a new place and that makes you relaxand forget about your routine life.
On the other hand, pretravelling process might be very depressing because of all the documents you should collect in order to enter the choosen country.
What is more, you can get into trouble if you are not aqcuainted with the laws of the country you want to visit. What you are used to doing at home is not always normal for foreigners. Or you can also stay unsatisfied if the country you have chosen does not fit your expectations.
To sum up, it seems that international tourism is a good way of having a rest, but do not be upset if there are some problems with getting a visa. However, it must be remembered that if you think positively your holidays are going to be terrific!
Перевод:
Путешествовать за границу в наши дни – обычное дело для многих семей. Тем не менее, некоторые люди остаются неудовлетворенными временем, проведенным в зарубежной стране. Какие плюсы и минусы путешествий за границу и не лучше ли остаться дома?
Одно из главных преимуществ – опыт, который вы получаете, проводя время на территории другой страны. Пока вы находитесь за границей, у вас есть возможность практиковать язык и общаться с гражданами посещаемой вами страны. Это особенно выгодно, если ваша работа связанна с иностранным языком.
Более того, вы знакомитесь с новым местом, это вас расслабляет и заставляет забыть о рутинной жизни.
С другой стороны, предпоездочный процесс может быть очень угнетающим, из-за многочисленных документов, которые вы должны собрать для поездки в выбранную вами страну.
К тому же, вы можете попасть в неприятную ситуацию, если вы не знакомы с законами страны, которую вы желаете посетить. К чему вы привыкли дома, не всегда нормально для жителей других стран. Или вы можете остаться неудовлетворенными, если страна не оказалась такой, какой вы ожидали ее увидеть.
В завершение, стоит отметить, что международный туризм – отличный способ для расслабления, но не расстраивайтесь, если будут проблемы с получением визы. Не смотря на это, следует запомнить, что эсли вы мыслите позитивно, у вас будет отличный отпуск!
Никифорова Мария
I think everybody who is planning to visit any foreign country, should understand that he will not avoid the culture shock. Naturally, someone is affected with it more strongly, and someone almost doesn’t notice it, but always there is a culture shock! I want to say that there can be more than one shock. I’ll share my impressions and whether I felt a cultural shock being in another country or not.
This summer it was the first time I have been abroad and have felt the atmosphere of another world! Having participated in the program «Work & Travel», I visited the United States of America. The United States is a country where people have anotherworld-view, have another culture and traditions. The Americans have their own principles and symbols, which they value very much. Therefore, finding yourself being in their midst, you involuntarily start to feel ill at ease.
When I arrived to the U.S., I was happy realizing that I`m on the another continent, in New York, in Manhattan! In such moments you are full of emotion! But it doesn’t last for a long time. Concerns and problems begin to fill in your mind. There are no friends nearby, parents are far away, and everybody around speaks another language. At that time the culture shock begins to appear.
At first I missed my parents and home very much. I liked everything, but I knew that all that wasn`t native for me. In the first three weeks, during which I was getting to know America closer and closer, I definitely decided that I don’t want to live in the U.S. It’s much better to live in the native country and just to travel into the others. Now I can’t say what Ididn’t like in America in that period, but I was confident that I can live only in Russia! At that time I was ran by the same culture shock.
I didn’t intend to fight with it. Day after day I found new occupations for myself, visited new places and met new people. Gradually I began to realize that it became more interesting to be in ambient atmosphere which is alien to me. My first negative impression was replaced by curiosity and a desire to discover something new. And then I began to feel how a new cultural shock started appear that imprinted on me much stronger.
I lived in a small town of Portland on the Atlantic coast. This neat and comfortable town receives thousands of visitors from different spots around the world. It seemed like every resident was waiting just for you. Undoubtedly, I was especially impressed by the relationships between people. For every situation the absolute equality of strangers and mutual respect are inherent.
Courtesy, understanding and frank support come from most of the passers-by. I often was looking for different objects, and always passers-by didn’t remain indifferent. Strangers were willing to help me, to show the necessary road or to the desired location. Once, I was offered the help of a girl from a passing car. She noticed me walking with the map and didn’t hesitate to stop with the desire to help.
A kind smile, the ubiquitous apologies for the slightest inconvenience and wishes of a good day assuredly have impressed me! Also, I could not help noticing a high degree of confidence. Most clearly I remember the case at the station in one of the closest islands, where bikes were provided for rent. The best way to enjoy the beauties of the island – to take a bike and explore every small place of the earth, which is washed by the ocean from all sides. When I got a bicycle I wasn’t asked for any documents in pledge. Arriving at the end of the day to return it to the station, I expected to meet with the employee, who would put a bike to the parking himself. Instead, I saw an inscription on the fence «Please do not take bikes after 6 pm» and placed it myself. There were a lot of interesting stories, and after each respect to the Americans only increased.
As I was staying in the city, the culture shock was growing! I can’t not help saying about the impression which was made by Americans’ attitude to the culture. Very small in area city has managed to accommodate dozens of architectural sights, historical monuments, beautiful parks and squares. Every important event in the history of the city and the country is not forgotten and displayed in the original monument.
There are a lot of picture galleries and thematic museums which are opened for everybody who likes arts. It’s very surprising that visiting many world famous exhibition centers, such as National Gallery of art or National Air and Space Museum in Washington is free. It’s a unique opportunity to learn about global arts and increase your own level of culture.
During this summer I visited several annual festivals, weekly live music concerts of young performers. The big amount of different tours by unusual outward buses and active participation of every inhabitant of the country in national holidays – all that surprised me and it really caused a cultural shock.
I want to note one more feature of American life, the impressions of which, I think, has also become part of the culture shock. I’m talking about the opportunity of freely and easily enjoying nature. Americans provide a lot of ways of plunging into nature environment and feel its power. Walking on water among the islands and on a boat in the moonlight, sailing on a yacht with a sail on the fast waves on the wild places with cries of seagulls, rafting and bike riding in the deep forests – all this you could try, being in a small town of Portland.
I can tell a long story about what I remember from the summer tour. Now I remember the first drops of rain that fell on me in the U.S., and sadness that I felt when leaving this terrific place. I remember the meetings and I don’t want to remember the moment of parting. This trip allowed me to see the world in new ways, taught me a lot and I got a great life experience.
A lot of days I spent like in a fairy tale! I close my eyes and I see a bright light of the lighthouse shining in the infinite distance, the flight of seagulls, reflections of lights in the water. I remember the sound of the surf and liners’ whistles! I remember my first working day. What my job taught me. But I`m glad – I`m really glad that I`m back in Russia! Here I was born, here is my family and here is my home! There is no any country which can replace my motherland! Nevertheless I`m happy that I managed to discover the new frontiers of our world, to open an interesting country USA! I`m happy that I have been there!
Перевод:
Я думаю, любой человек, планирующий посетить другую страну, должен понимать, что культурного шока ему не избежать. Естественно, кто-то подвержен этому сильнее, а для кого-то он почти не заметен, но культурный шок всегда существует! И я хочу сказать о том, что этих шоков может быть и больше одного. Я поделюсь своими впечатлениями и тем, испытала ли я культурный шок, будучи в другой стране.
Этим летом я впервые побывала за границей и ощутила атмосферу другого мира! Принимая участие в программе «Work & Travel», я посетила Соединенные Штаты Америки.
США – это страна, в которой живут люди с другим мировоззрением, другой культурой и другими традициями. У американцев свои принципы и символы, которыми они очень дорожат. Поэтому, очутившись в их среде, невольно начинаешь чувствовать себя неуютно.
Когда я приехала в США, я была счастлива, осознавая, что я на другом континенте, в Нью-Йорке, в Манхеттене! В такие минуты эмоции переполняют! Но это длитсянедолго. Заботы и проблемы начинают заполнять твои мысли. Рядом нет друзей, родители далеко, а вокруг все говорят на другом языке. Именно тогда и начинает проявляться культурный шок.
Первое время я очень сильно скучала по дому и родителям. Мне все нравилось, но я понимала, что все это мне неродное. В первые три недели, в течение которых я знакомилась с Америкой все ближе и ближе, я определенно решила, что я не хочу жить в США. Намного лучше жить в родной стране, а в другие – только путешествовать. Сейчас я уже не могу точно сказать, что в тот период мне не нравилось в Америке, но я была уверена в том, что я смогу жить только в России! Тогда мной управлял тот самый культурный шок.
Я не ставила себе целью бороться с ним. День за днем я находила себе новые занятия, посещала новые места и знакомилась с новыми людьми. Постепенно я начала осознавать, что мне стало интереснее находиться в окружающей чуждой мне атмосфере. Мое первое негативное впечатление сменилось любопытством и желанием открыть для себя что-то новое. И тогда я стала ощущать, как в моем сознании возникает новый культурный шок, который отпечатался на мне намного сильнее.
Я жила в небольшом городке Портлэнде на берегу Атлантического океана. Этот аккуратный и уютный городок принимает тысячи гостей из разных точек всего мира. Кажется, будто каждый житель ждал именно тебя. Несомненно, особое впечатление на меня произвели отношения между людьми. Любой обстановке присуще абсолютное равенство незнакомых друг другу людей и взаимное уважение.
Вежливость, взаимопонимание и откровенная помощь исходят от большинства встречных. Мне не раз приходилось искать различные объекты, и всегда встречные не оставались равнодушны. Незнакомцы готовы были помочь мне, провести по нужной дороге или проводить до искомого места. Однажды мне предложила помощь девушка из проезжающего мимо автомобиля. Заметив меня идущей с картой, она, не колеблясь, остановилась с желанием помочь.
Добрые улыбки, повсеместные извинения за малейшие неудобства и пожелания хорошего дня бесспорно впечатлили меня! Также я не могла не заметить высокой степени взаимного доверия людей. Особенно ярко мне запомнился случай на станции одного из ближайших островов, где выдавались велосипеды напрокат. Лучший способ насладиться красотами острова – взять велосипед и исследовать каждый уголочек земли, со всех сторон омываемой океаном. При получении велосипеда с меня не потребовали ни одного документа в залог. Приехав в конце дня сдавать его на станцию, я рассчитывала на встречу с работником, который самостоятельно поставил бы велосипед на стоянку. Вместо этого я лишь увидела надпись на ограждении «Пожалуйста, не берите велосипеды после 6 вечера» и поставила его сама. Было еще немало интересных историй, и после каждой уважение к американцам лишь возрастало.
По мере пребывания в городе, культурный шок возрастал! Не могу не сказать о впечатлении, которое на меня произвело отношение американцевк культуре. Весьма маленький по площади город сумел вместить в себе десятки архитектурных достопримечательностей, исторических монументов, красивых парков и площадей. Каждое важное событие в истории города и страны не забыто и отображено в оригинальном памятнике.
Немало картинных галерей и тематических музеев открыты для всех любителей искусства. Особенно поразило то, что посещение многих знаменитых на весь мир выставочных центров, таких как Национальная галерея искусства и Национальный авиационно-космический музей в Вашингтоне, – абсолютно бесплатно. Это уникальная возможность познакомиться с мировыми ценностями и повысить свой уровень культуры.
В течение лета мне не раз довелось стать свидетелем ежегодных фестивалей, еженедельных концертов живой музыки молодых исполнителей. Большое разнообразие экскурсий на необычных, словно игрушечных, автобусах и активное участие каждого жителя страны в национальных праздниках – все это удивляло и по-настоящему вызывало культурный шок.
Хочется отметить еще одну особенность жизни американцев, впечатления от которой, я думаю, также стали частью культурного шока. Я говорю о возможности легко и свободно насладиться красотами природного мира. Американцы предоставляют множество способов окунуться в природную среду и почувствовать на себе ее силу. Прогулки по водам океана среди островов и на катере при свете луны, плавание на яхте под парусом по быстрым волнам по диким местам под крики парящих чаек, сплавы по рекам и велосипедные прогулки в глубину лесных массивов – все это можно было попробовать, будучи в маленьком городке под названием …
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Мустафина Алиса
КемИ РГТЭУ, Кемерово, Россия
Travelling (6)
Today we can’t
imagine our life without travelling. During trips people get
unforgettable impressions and vivid emotions, meet new people
and learn about their lifestyle and culture. Travelling is also
a source of inspiration and the prefect way of recreation. I
think that all people need holidays to change the scene.
However, when it comes to travelling in your own country or in
foreign countries, opinions vary. In my judgment, travelling to
foreign countries is ideal for practicing languages, while
through travelling to our home country we can better understand
the past and present.
Nowadays the
variety of destinations is huge. Among the most popular health
resorts are Greece and the United Arabic Emirates. Personally, I
think that the demand can be explained by relatively low prices
and short distances between cities. It takes you less than four
hours to get there by plane. Moreover, there are direct regular
flights from Rostov-on-Don to Athens and Dubai. It is necessary
to mention that today many travel agents offer great deals,
especially for package holidays, which include flights,
transfers, accommodation, insurance, meals, as well as different
excursions. Talking about those people who prefer tours across
Russia, they usually choose the Black Sea coast, including
Sochi, Yalta or Novorossiysk, However, if you want to learn more
about the history of your own country, it is better to choose
the Golden Ring of Russia programs and bus excursions.
As for means of
travelling, people can travel by car, by train, by plain, by
ship or on foot.
When people plan
long-distance trips and want to save time, they usually choose
air travel. The flight itself is very comfortable. When the
plane takes off, passengers should fasten their belts and switch
off all electronic devices. In a while one can relax, listen to
music, read magazines or take a nap. During the flight the
airhostess offers all passengers some drinks and snacks. In case
of need one can ask for a blanket or travel sickness pills.
However, air travels are not suitable for people who suffer from
high blood pressure, heart disease or other illnesses. Besides,
it is the high price for tickets that can prevent many tourists
from travelling by plane.
It is necessary
to mention that some people still choose travelling by train. I
think most of us prefer express trains and compartment
carriages. During the trip one can go to the dining car or chat
over a cup of tea with fellow-travelers in a compartment. If you
are afraid of heights, it is better for you to choose a lower
berth. Frankly speaking, I don’t see any disadvantages of
travelling by train. It is always very interesting and exciting.
As for travelling
by sea, it is always full of adventures and mysteries. That is
why sea cruises attract so many tourists nowadays. Passengers
usually live in comfortable cabins but spend most of their time
on the deck swimming and sunbathing. During the voyage some
adventure seekers can experience scuba diving in the open sea.
However, those who suffer from sea sickness find this way of
travelling unsuitable for them.
Backpacking is
very popular among young travelers who want to join the nature.
Tourists usually prefer to sleep in a tent or a sleeping bag in
the open air, sit by the fire, go fishing or boating. It is
always breathtaking.
In my judgment,
no matter where you go on a holiday, travelling is a small life
full of new impressions, exciting adventures and high spirits. Путешествия (6)
Сегодня невозможно представить нашу
жизнь без путешествий. Ведь во время поездок люди получают
незабываемые впечатления, яркие эмоции, знакомятся с новыми
людьми и больше узнают об их стиле жизни и культуре. Путешествия
— это также источник вдохновения и превосходный способ
восстановления жизненных сил. Я считаю, что каждому из нас
просто необходим отдых для смены обстановки. Однако когда речь
заходит о том, куда поехать — за рубеж или по просторам родины,
— мнения сильно расходятся. С моей точки зрения, путешествия по
зарубежным странам идеально подойдут тем, кому нужна практика
иностранного языка, в то время как путешествия в пределах нашей
родины дают нам лучшее понимание ее прошлого и настоящего.
На сегодняшний день выбор
туристических направлений велик. Среди наиболее популярных
курортов выделяют Грецию и Объединенные Арабские Эмираты. Лично
я считаю, что такой высокий спрос можно объяснить относительно
низкими ценами и коротким расстоянием между городами. Ведь чтобы
туда добраться на самолете, потребуется менее четырех часов.
Более того, есть прямые регулярные рейсы из Ростова-на-Дону в
Афины и Дубай. Следует отметить, что сегодня многие
туристические агенты делают выгодные предложения, особенно это
касается комплексных туров, которые включают в себя перелет,
проживание, трансфер, страховку, питание, а также различные
экскурсии. Говоря о тех, кто отдает предпочтение турам по
России, они обычно выбирают черноморское побережье, включая
Сочи, Ялту и Новороссийск. Однако если вы хотите узнать больше о
своей родной стране, то вам лучше выбрать программы туров по
Золотому Кольцу России и автобусные экскурсии.
Что касается средств передвижения,
то можно путешествовать на автомобиле, на поезде, на самолете,
на корабле или пешком. Когда люди планируют поездки на длинные
расстояния и хотят сэкономить время, то они обычно отдают
предпочтение воздушным путешествиям. Сам по себе перелет очень
комфортный. Когда самолет взлетает, пассажиры должны пристегнуть
ремни и выключить все электронные устройства. Через некоторое
время можно расслабиться, послушать музыку, почитать журналы или
вздремнуть. Во время перелета стюардессы обычно предлагают
напитки и закуски. В случае необходимости можно попросить одеяло
или таблетки от воздушной болезни. Однако путешествия на
самолете не подходят тем людям, которые страдают гипертонией,
сердечными заболеваниями и некоторыми другими недугами. Кроме
того, высокие цены на билеты могут стать серьезной проблемой для
многих туристов.
Также необходимо упомянуть о тех
людях, кто выбирает путешествия на поезде. Мне лично кажется,
что большая часть из них отдает предпочтение экспресс-поездам и
купированным вагонам. Во время путешествия можно сходить в
вагон-ресторан или поболтать за чашкой чая с попутчиками в купе.
Если вы боитесь высоты, то лучше выбрать нижнюю полку. Честно
говоря, я не вижу недостатков у этого вида путешествий. Поездка
всегда очень захватывающая и интересная.
Что касается морских круизов, то они
всегда полны тайн и приключений. Именно поэтому сегодня они
привлекают стольких туристов. Пассажиры обычно живут в уютных
каютах, но проводят большую часть своего времени на палубе,
купаясь и загорая. Во время круиза искатели приключений могут
погрузиться с аквалангами в открытое море. Однако те, кто
страдают от морской болезни, находят этот вид путешествий
неприемлемым для них.
Пеший туризм является популярным
направлением среди молодых путешественников, которые хотят
слиться с природой. Туристы обычно спят на открытом воздухе в
палатках или спальных мешках, сидят у костра, ходят на рыбалку
или катаются на лодке. От таких туров всегда захватывает дух.
С моей точки зрения, не важно, куда
вы отправляетесь на отдых, путешествие — это маленькая жизнь,
полная новых впечатлений, увлекательных приключений и хорошего
настроения. Vocabulary: 1) trip [trip]
— путешествие, поездка
2) journey [‘< &з:ш] — путешествие, поездка (обычно сухопутные)
3) cruise [kru:z] — морское путешествие, круиз
4) voyage [VOIIC^] — плаванье по морю, морское путешествие
5) inspiration [(insp(9)'reij((b)n] — вдохновение, воодушевление
6) opinions vary — мнения расходятся
7) destination [,desti'neif(9)n] — пункт назначения, (туристиче¬ское)
направление
8) health/holiday resort [helG n'zo:t] — курорт
9) package holiday/tour — турпутевка, включающая проезд,
про¬живание, питание, экскурсии; турпакет «все включено»
10) transfer [traen(t)s'f3.] — трансфер
11) accommodation [э,кэтэ^е1Дэ)п] — проживание (в гостинице)
12) insurance [m'Ju9r(9)n(t)s] — страхование
13) excursion [iks'k3:J(9)n] — экскурсия, круиз
14) air travel — воздушное путешествие, путешествие на самолете
15) passenger ['paes^ncfca] — пассажир
16) to take off— взлетать (о самолете)
17) electronic devices [di'vaisiz] — электронные устройства
18) airhostess ['ea.haustas] — стюардесса, бортпроводница
19) to take a nap — вздремнуть, немного поспать
20) blanket ['blaerjkit] — одеяло
21) high blood pressure — гипертония, высокое кровяное дав¬ление
22) compartment carriage [kam'paitmant 'каегкЭД — купирован¬ный
вагон
23) dining саг ['dainin 'ka:] — вагон-ресторан (пассажирский
ва¬гон, оборудованный сидячими местами и подразумевающий
воз¬можность покупки как легких закусок, так и полноценных
обедов)
24) fellow-traveler — попутчик
25) upper/lower berth [Ьэ:0] — верхняя/нижняя полка, спальное
место (в вагоне)
26) deck [dek] — палуба
27) sea sickness — морская болезнь
28) unsuitable [Wsuitabl] — неподходящий, непригодный
29) backpacking ['baekpaekin] — пеший туризм, туристический
поход
30) sleeping bag — спальный мешок
31) tent [tent] — палатка
There are many ways of spending holidays. Some people like going to the country, others prefer sitting at home and watching TV all day long. But more and more people travel. There are many reasons for travelling . Some people travel on business, others travel to visit their families, but most people travel to see the world and different countries.
There are also a lot of ways of travelling. People can travel by car, by plane, by ship, by train, by coach or on foot. Travelling by plane is the fastest way of travelling. This is the best way to get to a foreign country fast. Modern planes are comfortable and it is very nice to fly to the destination point.
The most comfortable way of travelling is by ship. Modern liners have everything to make people feel nice and comfortable. There are swimming-pools, bars, restaurants and even shops on board a modern liner. People enjoy spending time on the deck looking at the ocean and talking. Sunsets and sunrises are beautiful in the open sea. There are some disadvantages of travelling by ship. The main disadvantage is that travelling by ship is the most expensive way of travelling . Tickets cost a lot and some people cannot afford them. Some people can be sea-sick and this is another disadvantage.
Travelling by train is rather popular now, too. People go from one city to another by train if the distance between them is too big, or if they do not have a car. Modern trains are also rather comfortable and travelling by train is convenient and cheap.
Travelling by coach to Europe is rather cheap. There are special international tours by coach when you travel through several countries. Instead of one foreign country, you can see a few of them. However, it also has disadvantages. Some people feel sick in coaches and their trip can be spoilt. It is also not very comfortable to sleep on a seat. Sometimes tourists do not have enough time to see the sights of this or that city.
My favourite way of travelling is travelling by car. I think this is one of the most comfortable means of travelling. You can enjoy the view looking through the window and this way of travelling is rather fast. You can travel to different cities and towns of your native country and even abroad.
In summer I like travelling on foot. This way of traveling is called hiking. I take a tent, backpacks, food and start walking. This kind of travelling is slow, but you spend a lot of time outside and you do not have to think about tickets. During such hikes, one can see a lot of interesting places and meet new people. It is so nice to sleep in a tent in the open air, too.
If you decide to travel by any means of transport you’ll have to prepare for the trip. If you travel by plane, train or ship, you have to book tickets beforehand. You can do this over the phone or in a travel agency. If you travel by plane, you have to be at the airport two hours before an international flight and one hour before a domestic flight. The officers will check your luggage and you will have to get though the passport control. When you go by train, it is easier, because you have to go through ticket control only.
Travelling is always nice. It gives you an opportunity to see foreigners and interesting places. I love travelling!
WAYS OF TRAVELLING
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, and to listen to different musical rhythms. Those, who live in the country, like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea, or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk, bathe and laze in the sun.
People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by coach, by motorcycle and by car. For most people, speed is a very important factor when they are travelling. They want to reach their destination as quickly as possible. Travelling by plane is the fastest and the most convenient way. When you reach your place of destination in a few hours you realize all the advantages of travelling by air.
Whenever you want to go somewhere by plane you should book a seat on a flight to your destination for a certain date. You may book a single, return or open return ticket. When booking a ticket you should mention what class you are going to travel: first, business or economy class. You may ask the travel agent what time the coach leaves the airport terminal for the airport and what is the latest time of check-in at the airport.
Before boarding the plane, you should register your luggage at a check-in desk. Here you are required to have your luggage weighed, and then a uniformed attendant attaches a special label to it and gives you a boarding pass. There is no need to worry about your luggage any longer. It will be put in the luggage compartment of the plane. If your luggage weighs more than allowed, you are supposed to pay for the additional weight. Then you must go through the security check where your hand luggage is checked.
Before the flight you have to spend some time at the airport. You may wait in the departure lounge. Then you hear your flight announced, and the passengers are invited to board the plane and take their seats. The announcer says when and at what gate your flight is boarding, or he/she may announce a delay of your flight. It often happens that a delay of a flight is due to adverse weather conditions. In this case you can obtain a voucher for refresh¬ments. These vouchers are accepted at the cafeteria, and you can have your meal free of charge till you hear the announcement that your flight is boarding.
The stewardess greets the passengers and shows them to their seats. The airplane armchairs are very cosy, and they are equipped with safety belts, which must be fastened during both take off and landing. Sometimes the order to fasten the belts may be given during the flight.
When the plane takes off, the stewardess gives the passengers all the information about the flight, the speed and the altitude at which the plane will be flying. She asks the passengers to fasten seat belts and not to smoke during the flight. Then she offers them some mineral water, lemonade and sweets. The stewardesses are usually very amiable and cater for the passengers’ wants and needs. If you want anything during the flight, you are to press a button with a pictogram of a stewardess, and she will immediately come to your help. During the flight the passengers do whatever they like.
• Education is the most valuable thing for a teenager
Some people believe that teenagers should study all the time because it is one of the most important things for them at their age. Others tend to think that education is not such a valuable aspect of teenagers’ life as it may seem. In this essay I am going to detail my own view on this issue.
• Volunteering is essential for teenagers
Many modern teenagers are involved in volunteering, and their involvement appears to be controversial. Some people appreciate teenagers’ participation in social projects while others would prefer teenagers to pay more attention to themselves. In this essay I am going to detail my position on this issue.
• Studying knows no holidays
Some people believe that studying is a continuous proccess while others tend to think that there is no necessity to spend every hour of your life on acquiring knowledge and developing skills. In this essay I am going to express myself on this issue.
• An early choice of a career path is the key to success
All people want to be successful in life and they expect their career to give them all the good things of life. The question is when it is better to make a career choice. Some people believe that career decisions should be made at an early age, while others are sure that one should take some time and think it out.
• Fast food is the food of the future
It is difficult to imagine our life without fast food. It is gradually forcing out the traditional cuisine, and many people are sure that fast food will dominate in the future.
• New information technologies cannot make one smarter
As a matter of fact, we live in the age of information technologies, varying in complexity, size, and purpose. Personal computers, computer nets, laptops, smartphones are great inventions used by people every day. The question is whether these gadgets make mankind smarter.
• Studying online is better than going to a regular class
The modern world is experiencing great changes in almost every sphere of life including education. Nowadays, young people have a variety of educational systems. Online classes are becoming more and more popular.
• Exams motivate students to study harder
If you go to school or university, you are faced with a number of exams. Basically, these exams are supposed to test your knowledge and skills. Also, they may motivate you to study harder.
• Sport is the best way to reduce stress
Our life is full of stress. Many people live under the press of economic, social and other problems. These people find different ways to get rid of stress, and one of them is sport.
• Chinese will replace English as an international language
At any age there are languages that dominate all over the world. These languages are spoken and understood by the majority of people. Nowadays, English enjoys the most popularity, yet Chinese seems to have better perspectives.
• Fast food outlets should be closed
Fast food is a flourishing modern industry conquering the whole world. It is not top-secret that this kind of food is far from being healthy. It causes serious diseases like obesity, cancer, diabetes, and, for that matter, many people want fast food outlets to be closed everywhere.
• Honesty is the best policy
From an early age we have been taught to be honest with people around us. Our parents and teachers always make us tell the truth and disapprove of a lie. Yet many of us consider honesty not to be the best policy.
• Family is the most important thing in life
People put much value upon different things, for example, money, freedom, friends, etc. But it is often stated that family has to be on top of all things.
• It is difficult to understand jokes from other countries
Everybody likes to laugh that is why he/she often watches comedies and humorous shows, reads funny stories. Some people consume all this content no matter where it comes from, others ignore foreign humour because they find it difficult to understand.
• Money cannot make one happy
Everyone wants to be rich and happy. Some people see the direct connection between money and happiness, others consider them to be two different things.
• The best way to lose weight is following a diet
There are many ways to loose weight, and following a diet is one of the most popular ones. But is being on a diet the best strategy to grow thin?
• It is better to read a book than to watch its film version
Nowadays, more and more people neglect books and prefer watching their film versions. The question is whether it is a positive tendency or not.
• Clothes people are wearing can influence their behaviour
We cannot imagine our life without clothes, the main function of which is protective. Clothes protect us from cold and hot weather, from rain and snow and from other negative effects of the environment. Also, clothes are considered to influence people’s behaviour.
• A person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily teach it
Nowadays, learning foregn languages is becoming more and more popular. Thus language teachers are in great demand everywhere. Many people, who are fluent in languages but are not educational specialists, are tempted to tackle the teaching.
• Virtual Internet communication results in losing real-life social skills
New technologies are developing at high speed these days, and their development is unstoppable. One of the most influential technologies is the Internet penetrating into every aspect of people’s life and endangering their real-life social skills.
• It is better to be a leader of a group than to be a simple member
All members of our society can be divided into two categories – leaders and ordinary members. Their functions, levels of responsibility and rewards are different. While leaders usually have high standards of living, ordinary people do with limited amenities of life.
• Children should be able to choose which subjects to learn at school
At school children are supposed to learn many subjects. Most of them are compulsory, that is why boys and girls often make a stand against them and say they want to choose subjects on their own.
• It is better to learn distantly than to go to traditional school
Technological progress has caused an argument about education. The thing is that some people believe that distant learning is better, and other people stick to the point that going to school is the only way to get good education.
• Some people think that extreme sports help to build character
Nowadays more and more people go in for extreme sports like skateboarding, base jumping, parachute jumping, mountaineering and others. They believe that extreme sports help to build character.
• Good books are those books that all people like and understand
Nowadays there is a great variety of literary writings varying in genre, volume, conceptual meaning, and so on. Some of them are recognized as good and worth reading without fail. But the question is how people manage to grade books and select good ones.
• Virtual travelling is better than the real thing
Nowadays the virtual world is gradually becoming an essential part of our life. On the Internet, there are a lot of photos and video presentations of different countries and cities so that you do not need to go and see them with your own eyes.
• Life is becoming more and more dangerous
Life is not fixed, and our living conditions are constantly changing. The question is whether they are changing for the better or the worse.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Public libraries are becoming less popular and they will soon disappear
Public libraries are supposed to store paper books and lend them to everyone who wants to borrow them. But modern technologies allow you to get a book you need without going to libraries.
• In any occupation discipline is more important than talent
Everyone wants to be successful in his or her occupation. The question is what the person needs more – discipline or talent.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Only people who earn a lot of money can be successful
All people in the world want to be successful. Most of them are convinced that success means much money.
• Every city and every town should have a zoo
It is always fun to visit a zoo. Both children and grown-ups like to watch different animals: mammals, reptiles and others. The problem is that not every city and every town has a zoo.
• Fast food kills national culinary traditions
Fast food is a fast-growing industry including thousands of restaurants and cafes throughout the country. It may seem that fast food is killing national culinary traditions.
• Some people think that you can have only one true friend
Friendship is one of the greatest phenomena of people’s life. The true friend is always ready to help and support us in any situation. Is it possible to have many true friends?
• Some people think that young people should follow in their parents’ footsteps when choosing a profession
Choosing a profession is a great problem because its solution affects almost every aspects of a person’s future life. To be on the safe side, many young people follow in their parents’ footsteps. Are they right or not?
• Some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money
Learning foreign languages is becoming more and more popular nowadays. A number of language schools and teachers is constantly growing up. But there are some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money.
• A pupil cannot study effectively without a computer
The computer is one of the greatest inventions of all times. It helps us to work, relax, and study. Computer technologies are widely used in education by both teachers and pupils. It is believed that computers help them to be more effective.
• Does love at first sight really exist? Is it a charming romantic fiction or a reality?
Love is a nice feeling that is the reason of durable family ties. If two persons love each other they are much more likely to reach mutual understanding and overcome difficulties of life.
• The Internet is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. Still, it is considered to be dangerous to many people.
Nowadays, almost every home has access to the Internet. We use the Internet for various purposes: gaining necessary information, taking part in communities, and even making money.
• More and more people are choosing to live in cities. But some people take up residence in the country.
Nowadays, there’s a tendency for active young people to leave rural areas for towns and cities. That is the reason why the population of the villages is thinning down now.
• Some people prefer to have big families, but the others come to nothing more than only one child
Family is a basic constituent of any nation. The well-being of the nation depends on the well-being of each family. A lot of factors make a family happy, and children are among of them. But how many children does a family need to be perfectly happy?
• Well-developed industry ensures the well-being of the whole country and its citizens. But industrial growth is often followed by aggravation of environmental problems.
Industrial development plays a large role in prosperity of any country. I doubt whether the country could do without leading industries, such as: heavy and light industry, power engineering, extractive industry, heavy engineering, chemical industry, etc.
• As is well known, going in for sport is extremely health-giving. However, many professional athletes suffer from diseases caused by intense exercises.
Nice shape, great stamina, bulging muscles are the dreams of most people. These dreams may come true thanks to sport.
• Fast food is perhaps the quickest way to satisfy your hunger. But according to many experts, fast food can cause serious illnesses: obesity, gastritis, indigestion, pancreatitis, etc.
You can hardly find a person who never heard about global fast food chains, such as McDonald’s, Subways, Burger King and so on. Nowadays, fast food industry is one of the most flourishing businesses all over the world.
• Not anyone who knows a foreign language can be an interpreter
Nowadays, being an interpreter is one of the most prestigious occupations. A lot of young people dream of becoming an interpreter, that’s why they study foreign languages very actively. Many of them achieve a good level of competence.
• School leavers should take a gap year before entering university
Many high school students take a gap year before entering university. This is a year in which they usually travel abroad and see the world to broaden their horizons. However, some people believe it’s better for them to go straight to university.
• Team sports help people develop a stronger character than individual sports do
There are many benefits to playing both team and individual sports. Apart from getting some exercise and improving your physical abilities, you can learn about your strengths and weakness and feel great about your accomplishments on the track or field. However, some people believe that team sports help develop a person’s character better.
• People have become too dependent on technology
These days, people use technology to do many things. They use computers at work, mobile phones for communication, and television to watch programmes. These devices are useful, but have people become too dependent on them?
• Governments should limit the size of sugary drink containers in order to improve public health
Whenever you visit a supermarket, there is always a huge selection of soft drinks. These drinks are popular because they’re full of sugar, which makes them taste great. It’s become a problem for some people who have gained weight from drinking them. So, should governments limit the size of the containers these drinks are sold in?
• People shouldn’t be allowed to work from home because it’s less productive than being in the office
More and more people are working from home rather than in an office. It has become easier to work at home because your work can be done on a computer and emailed into the office. But is this good for productivity?
• The production and sale of genetically-modified food should be banned
In an effort to improve our food supply, scientists have discovered ways to genetically modify food so that it grows faster and is less susceptible to disease. But should the production and sale of genetically-modified food be banned?
• Filmgoers should rely on reviews when choosing a film to see
Going to the cinema is a popular pastime that nearly everyone loves doing. It seems that every week, a dozen new films are released, and filmgoers are curious about which ones are worth seeing. Should filmgoers rely on reviews when choosing a film to see?
• Pushing children to achieve robs them of their childhood
Our world has become very competitive, and many parents want to do their best to prepare their children for success in life. Do parents push their children too hard when they’re young, taking away a happy childhood in the process?
• Just as teachers assess their students, so students should assess their teachers
It is a teacher’s job to assess students’ performance in class. They must mark students’ work and give them feedback on their progress. Should students also be allowed to assess their teachers on their performance?
• It’s always best to wear a business suit when you have an interview for a job
Getting a job takes a lot of effort, as you have to prepare yourself to answer a lot of questions about your skills and your history. You also have to look your best at the interview. Should you always wear a business suit to an interview?
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕМЫ СОЧИНЕНИЙ:
• Getting married and having children is the key to one’s happiness.
• The generation gap will always exist.
• Vegetarianism is the only way of healthy eating.
• Cloning people will break the normal life.
• Feng Shui makes people more successful.
• In 100 years, all the countries will be at peace.
• New technologies will make crime impossible.
• It is insane to live in a densely packed block of flats.
• Man should come back to nature and enjoy healthy pleasures of rural life.
• For the younger generation there is nothing in seclusion of a countryside.
• Joys of life in the country could be fully appreciated only by local people.
• It is necessary to build blocks of flats nowadays.
• Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made.
• It is strange that some movie stars earn millions of dollars a year.
• Watching violence in movies is bad for children.
• Technology has made the cinema a better thing.
• There is no future without the Internet.
• The growth of the Hollywood film industry has replaced quality with quantity.
• Cosmetic surgery can improve the quality of life.
• International sport is war without shooting.
• Telepathetic communication would lead to constant conflicts.
• President of a country is the most important person.
• Education opens the doors to happiness and success.
• University students should pay for their education.
• Earning money is more important than getting a good education.
• Your work is your identity.
• Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance.
• Fashion is a pure commerce.
• Marriage should be banned before a certain age.
• New technologies boost unemployment.
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays traveling. They travel to see other continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy Picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It`s always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms. Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun. Most travelers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them — the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they have had. People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by car, by bike and on foot. People travel to have a holidays or to have business. If people have business trips they choose the fastest transport. They often travel by plane or by train. It is very expensive but it is very fast. And if people want to have a rest they choose traveling by boat, by car, on horseback and etc. When you travel by car or by bike you can stop where you want. All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations. If we are fond of traveling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.
Travelling
Many pupils go
on school trips. Some people say they are interesting and
educational. Other people say that they are a waste of time and
children should learn in the classroom.
Most teachers are convinced that there is more to learning than
lessons in the classroom. That is why they try to create
memorable learning experiences with the help of educational
school trips.
School trips include a wide range of outdoor educational and
residential courses, designed to stimulate, educate and motivate
pupils. To my mind, school trips help teachers inspire pupils
and bring subject areas to life. School trips broaden children’s
mind, improve their knowledge of history and geography and make
their lives interesting and eventful. Whether pupils want an
educational school trip within their country or abroad their aim
is the same: to enjoy sightseeing, to discover new things, to
meet interesting people and to get wonderful impressions and
learning experiences which educate, excite and inspire.
However, some parents don’t think that school trips are
essential. They believe that pupils can learn everything staying
in the classroom. Other parents don’t like the fact that they
have to pay for most school trips. Moreover, Moms and Dads are
often afraid of possible dangers and difficulties which may
arise during any school trip. Nevertheless, statistics show that
school trips are usually safe for children. But reasonable
safety measures are still required.
To sum up, a school trip is a challenging, rewarding and always
exciting experience. Pupils will have fun while learning new
skills and capabilities. There is no better way to foster team
building, positive attitudes and a sense of personal
achievement. I think that school trips will certainly benefit
pupils’ performance back at school.
There are
people, who think that the best way to travel in a town or in a
city is on foot. However a lot of others prefer driving a car or
using public transport.
Today everybody understands that time is money. We can’t
afford to spend much time on the road, so we use cars and public
transport to travel faster.
On the one hand, we shouldn’t forget that we can use our legs.
In my opinion, when people travel on foot, they can see much
more on their way and enjoy the sights of a town or a city. We
can stop wherever we want and admire a beautiful church or
monument or drop at a cafe or a shop. We won’t be stuck in a
traffic jam for several hours and we will certainly avoid road
accidents. What is more, travelling on foot is much healthier
that travelling by car or by bus. Walking is a perfect physical
exercise that strengthens the immune system, improves mental
health and helps prevent many diseases.
On the other hand, travelling by car or by bus saves much time
and effort. A lot of people prefer driving cars as they have
speed and comfort combined. When you travel by car, you don’t
depend on the weather. For example, if it rains you won’t get
soaked. If it is cold, you can turn on a heater. While driving,
you can listen to music or the latest news on the radio. Public
transport is not as popular as cars. Nevertheless, thousands of
people use it every day of their lives.
To conclude, it’s up to you to decide whether to travel on foot,
to drive a car or to use public transport. As for me, I am young
and energetic and I am for travelling on foot.
Many people
prefer to travel abroad; others say that there is much to be
seen in our own country.
Most people find travelling very exciting. It gives them an
opportunity to enjoy sightseeing, to discover new things, to
meet interesting people, to rest physically and morally and to
get wonderful impressions.
For me there is hardly anything more interesting and exciting
than a journey to a foreign country. I’ve been to London, Paris
and Rome and it is the most wonderful experience in my life.
Travelling abroad gives me a chance to feel thousands of miles
away from home, to visit great cities and small villages, to
admire foreign architecture, cuisine and culture, to make
friends and what not. What is more, it is the best way to
broaden your mind, to improve your knowledge of history and
geography and to make your life interesting.
However, a lot of people are sure that there is much to be seen
in our own country. Indeed, it is difficult to disagree with
them. There are many places of interest in my native town:
ancient churches, monuments, museums and parks. One can go to
Moscow and visit its theatres, cathedrals, art galleries and
what not. The Kremlin attracts thousands of tourists as it is
the heart of Moscow and the centre of the Russian government.
St. Petersburg, the former capital of Russia, is known for its
magnificent palaces, famous museums, beautiful buildings and
wide streets. Besides, there are many small towns and villages
in our country which are definitely worth visiting.
To conclude, we should learn everything about our own country
first of all. But if we want to learn more about the world
around us and to expand the mind, we should travel abroad.
The car has
become the most popular means of transport in the history of the
world. However, some people say that the world would be better
off without cars.
Nowadays, almost every family has a car. A lot of people say
that travelling by car is very convenient, while others are sure
that cars cause many problems.
In my opinion, the car is one of the most comfortable means of
transport. Firstly, travelling by car is fast and it helps you
save plenty of time. Secondly, it is comfortable because you
don’t have to buy any tickets and your car is always at your
disposal. Thirdly, when you travel by car, you don’t depend on
the weather. While driving, you can listen to music or the
latest news on the radio. And finally, you can stop where you
want and have a snack or enjoy nature.
On the other hand, travelling by car has a number of
disadvantages. First and foremost, it is bad for ecology and
health. Cars produce exhaust fumes which make the air foul and
destroy the ozone layer protecting the Earth from the dangerous
rays of the Sun. The car is not a safe means of travel as there
are a lot of car and bus crashes. Travelling by car is not very
convenient if the trip is long. Besides, it is rather expensive
as petrol is not cheap. What is more, when we travel by car, we
may be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours.
To sum up, I think it is rather difficult to do without cars
nowadays. But if we want to be healthy, we should sometimes ride
a bike or walk.
Some people
think that travelling by plane is very comfortable and
convenient. Others say that it has a number of disadvantages.
Nowadays we can’t imagine our lives without travelling. We
tend to travel longer distances and at much higher speeds. Most
people say there is nothing like travel by air for them.
Personally, I think that travelling by plane is very
comfortable, quick and thrilling. It helps me save plenty of
time and gives me an opportunity to visit out-of-the-way parts
of the world. I don’t have to worry about anything during the
flight. I can relax, listen to music, read a newspaper or take a
nap. The stewardess will take care of passengers during the
flight and will help them get comfortable in their seats. I can
always enjoy good service and tasty food. What is more,
travelling by plane gives me a wonderful opportunity to look
through the porthole and to admire beautiful landscapes.
However, some people don’t like travelling by air. Firstly, they
complain that it takes them much time to check in at the airport
and to have their baggage weighed. Secondly, some flights may be
delayed or cancelled because of unfavourable weather conditions.
Thirdly, those people who are airsick will hardly find the
flight very nice. Finally, aircraft engines emit noise and gases
and contribute to air pollution and global warming. Besides, a
lot of people doubt that travelling by plane is safe. They are
afraid of plane crashes and terrorists. But as a rule much
attention is paid to security: all luggage is screened and all
passengers are carefully examined.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by
plane or not. Anyway, all means of travel have their advantages
and disadvantages.
Some people
consider hitch-hiking to be the best way of travelling. Others
think that hitchhiking is dangerous.
Hitch-hikers travel by getting rides in other people’s cars.
When they want drivers to give them a lift, they stand on the
roadside and raise their hand or put out their thumb. Most
hitch-hikers also carry a sign with the name of the place they
want to go to. But is it safe to travel in such a way?
Personally, I think that hitch-hiking is a unique opportunity to
see different cities and countries. This way of travelling is
for enthusiastic people who want to reduce their road expenses.
If you want to travel but have no money, hitch-hiking is a
single way out. Hitch-hiking will help you get where you want to
go for nothing.
But nowadays hitch-hiking is less common than it used to be some
years ago. There have been cases of hitch-hikers or the drivers
who picked them up being attacked or killed. That is why people,
especially young women, should avoid hitching alone. It is also
necessary to be always friendly and polite with drivers in order
to avoid conflicts. Besides, a lot of people say that
hitchhiking is not for those who like comfort. Sometimes you
will have to walk, that is why you should travel light. You
should also prepare for your trip beforehand. You should have a
good idea of how to get where you are going and be informed
about road conditions and weather forecast.
To sum up, hitch-hiking is both exciting and dangerous. Anyway,
if you have decided to hitchhike, you should consult other
people and ask them to share their impressions.
Some people
prefer travelling by train, while others say that it has a
number of disadvantages.
Nowadays people travel more often than they did in the past.
There are different means of travel that provide you with
comfort and security, so passengers have a great variety of
choice available for them. Travelling by train is very popular
with many people, though it has a number of disadvantages as
well.
I am fond of travelling by train because I have speed, comfort
and pleasure combined. While travelling I can walk around, look
through the windows to enjoy a splendid view of the whole
countryside and sit where I can stretch my legs. If I am hungry,
I can go to the dining-car and have a meal. Trains can run in
bad weather. What is more, as trains are electrically-powered,
they are considered to be less harmful to the environment than
other forms of transport. The service is popular with passengers
because it is fast, efficient, comfortable and quiet.
However, some people say that they don’t like travelling by
train. Firstly, they always have to stand in a long line in
order to buy train tickets beforehand. Secondly, you cannot stop
where you want. Thirdly, when you travel by train, you always
have to get to the railway station first. Finally, travelling by
train is not very convenient if the trip is long. Of course,
travelling by train is not as fast as travelling by plane. But
one of the latest inventions is a high-speed train that can run
more than 200 km/h.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by
train or not. Anyway, travelling by train has both advantages
and disadvantages.
Medical travel
is becoming more and more popular with many people» However,
others say that it has many disadvantages.
Travelling abroad for medical treatment has been
increasingly growing lately. But why do many people choose to go
to foreign clinics and is medical travel as beneficial as it
seems to be?
Medical tourists go to foreign countries for different reasons.
Firstly, many patients want to undergo certain medical
procedures for lower prices. For example, the cost of different
operations in India, Thailand or South Africa is much lower than
in the United States or Western Europe. Secondly, medical travel
gives people the opportunity not only to receive first-rate care
from highly qualified specialists, but also to have a holiday in
an exotic country. Finally, many people go abroad in order to
avoid long waiting periods. In such countries as the USA or
Britain a person may wait for a certain medical procedure for a
year or even longer. But in other countries a patient can
receive the needed treatment immediately.
Nevertheless, some people say that undergoing treatment abroad
may be rather risky. For instance, infectious diseases in such
countries as Thailand or Malaysia are different from those in
North America and Europe. Foreign diseases may be extremely
dangerous to weakened patients. What is more, long flights
should be avoided after certain medical procedures.
Additionally, some holiday-related activities such as sunbathing
or swimming may worsen patients’ health. But to my mind, medical
tourism is great because people can combine leisure with medical
procedures.
To conclude, medical travel can save your money and give you an
opportunity to rest and visit other countries. However, one
should take all possible risks into consideration before making
the final decision to go abroad.
Some people
are fond of travelling to exotic countries, while others say
that exotic travel is rather risky.
Many people dream of exciting travels to sunny, beautiful
and interesting places in exotic countries. But every tourist
must remember that there are a number of risks that they need to
be aware of.
In my opinion, exotic travel gives you an opportunity to
participate in exciting experiences. In exotic countries you can
ride a camel or an elephant, enjoy modern cities or picturesque
little villages, admire ancient temples and what not. Travelling
to exotic countries many tourists would like to watch the daily
life of local people, to see mountains, jungles and beaches. I
believe that exotic travel is very rewarding because it can lead
to totally new understanding of diverse cultures and lifestyles.
Nevertheless, arranging a perfect travel to exotic places is not
an easy task. Travel agencies show tourists colorful catalogues
with beautiful beaches and modern hotels. Most people find it
difficult to explore this immensity of offers and spot the one
that would let them admire a truly stunning seaside, good
service, clean beaches and high quality hotels. Many tourists
feel ill at ease when they go to an exotic country because they
do not know much about its traditions and do not understand the
language. Some tourists may dislike the local food. Furthermore,
they have no natural immunity to foreign diseases. In addition,
tourists may have problems with insects, public transport,
thieves, insistent street vendors and so on.
To conclude, many people say that once you have tasted the
excitement of visiting exotic destinations, you’ll never want to
stop. However, tourists must take precautions in order to avoid
unpleasant situations and to remain safe and secure.
Из учебного пособия
“Открывая
мир с английским языком. 150 эссе для ЕГЭ. Готовимся к ЕГЭ” Юнёва С.А. 2011г.
Эссе / сочинение 1
Many pupils go on school trips. Some people say they are interesting
and educational. Other people say that they are a waste of time and
children should learn in the classroom. Most teachers are convinced that there is more to learning than
lessons in the classroom. That is why they try to create memorable
learning experiences with the help of educational school trips.
School trips include a wide range of outdoor educational and
residential courses, designed to stimulate, educate and motivate pupils.
To my mind, school trips help teachers inspire pupils and bring subject
areas to life. School trips broaden children’s mind, improve their
knowledge of history and geography and make their lives interesting and
eventful. Whether pupils want an educational school trip within their
country or abroad their aim is the same: to enjoy sightseeing, to
discover new things, to meet interesting people and to get wonderful
impressions and learning experiences which educate, excite and inspire.
However, some parents don’t think that school trips are essential.
They believe that pupils can learn everything staying in the classroom.
Other parents don’t like the fact that they have to pay for most school
trips. Moreover, Moms and Dads are often afraid of possible dangers and
difficulties which may arise during any school trip. Nevertheless,
statistics show that school trips are usually safe for children. But
reasonable safety measures are still required.
To sum up, a school trip is a challenging, rewarding and always
exciting experience. Pupils will have fun while learning new skills and
capabilities. There is no better way to foster team building, positive
attitudes and a sense of personal achievement. I think that school trips
will certainly benefit pupils’ performance back at school.
Эссе / сочинение 2
There are people, who think that the best way to travel in a town or
in a city is on foot. However a lot of others prefer driving a car or
using public transport. Today everybody understands that time is money. We can’t afford to
spend much time on the road, so we use cars and public transport to
travel faster.
On the one hand, we shouldn’t forget that we can use our legs. In my
opinion, when people travel on foot, they can see much more on their way
and enjoy the sights of a town or a city. We can stop wherever we want
and admire a beautiful church or monument or drop at a cafe or a shop.
We won’t be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours and we will
certainly avoid road accidents. What is more, travelling on foot is much
healthier that travelling by car or by bus. Walking is a perfect
physical exercise that strengthens the immune system, improves mental
health and helps prevent many diseases.
On the other hand, travelling by car or by bus saves much time and
effort. A lot of people prefer driving cars as they have speed and
comfort combined. When you travel by car, you don’t depend on the
weather. For example, if it rains you won’t get soaked. If it is cold,
you can turn on a heater. While driving, you can listen to music or the
latest news on the radio. Public transport is not as popular as cars.
Nevertheless, thousands of people use it every day of their lives.
To conclude, it’s up to you to decide whether to travel on foot, to
drive a car or to use public transport. As for me, I am young and
energetic and I am for travelling on foot.
Эссе / сочинение 3
Many people prefer to travel abroad; others say that there is much to be seen in our own country. Most people find travelling very exciting. It gives them an
opportunity to enjoy sightseeing, to discover new things, to meet
interesting people, to rest physically and morally and to get wonderful
impressions.
For me there is hardly anything more interesting and exciting than a
journey to a foreign country. I’ve been to London, Paris and Rome and it
is the most wonderful experience in my life. Travelling abroad gives me
a chance to feel thousands of miles away from home, to visit great
cities and small villages, to admire foreign architecture, cuisine and
culture, to make friends and what not. What is more, it is the best way
to broaden your mind, to improve your knowledge of history and geography
and to make your life interesting.
However, a lot of people are sure that there is much to be seen in
our own country. Indeed, it is difficult to disagree with them. There
are many places of interest in my native town: ancient churches,
monuments, museums and parks. One can go to Moscow and visit its
theatres, cathedrals, art galleries and what not. The Kremlin attracts
thousands of tourists as it is the heart of Moscow and the centre of the
Russian government. St. Petersburg, the former capital of Russia, is
known for its magnificent palaces, famous museums, beautiful buildings
and wide streets. Besides, there are many small towns and villages in
our country which are definitely worth visiting.
To conclude, we should learn everything about our own country first
of all. But if we want to learn more about the world around us and to
expand the mind, we should travel abroad.
Эссе / сочинение 4
The car has become the most popular means of transport in the history
of the world. However, some people say that the world would be better
off without cars. Nowadays, almost every family has a car. A lot of people say that
travelling by car is very convenient, while others are sure that cars
cause many problems.
In my opinion, the car is one of the most comfortable means of
transport. Firstly, travelling by car is fast and it helps you save
plenty of time. Secondly, it is comfortable because you don’t have to
buy any tickets and your car is always at your disposal. Thirdly, when
you travel by car, you don’t depend on the weather. While driving, you
can listen to music or the latest news on the radio. And finally, you
can stop where you want and have a snack or enjoy nature.
On the other hand, travelling by car has a number of disadvantages.
First and foremost, it is bad for ecology and health. Cars produce
exhaust fumes which make the air foul and destroy the ozone layer
protecting the Earth from the dangerous rays of the Sun. The car is not a
safe means of travel as there are a lot of car and bus crashes.
Travelling by car is not very convenient if the trip is long. Besides,
it is rather expensive as petrol is not cheap. What is more, when we
travel by car, we may be stuck in a traffic jam for several hours.
To sum up, I think it is rather difficult to do without cars
nowadays. But if we want to be healthy, we should sometimes ride a bike
or walk.
Эссе / сочинение 5
Some people think that travelling by plane is very comfortable and convenient. Others say that it has a number of disadvantages. Nowadays we can’t imagine our lives without travelling. We tend to
travel longer distances and at much higher speeds. Most people say there
is nothing like travel by air for them.
Personally, I think that travelling by plane is very comfortable,
quick and thrilling. It helps me save plenty of time and gives me an
opportunity to visit out-of-the-way parts of the world. I don’t have to
worry about anything during the flight. I can relax, listen to music,
read a newspaper or take a nap. The stewardess will take care of
passengers during the flight and will help them get comfortable in their
seats. I can always enjoy good service and tasty food. What is more,
travelling by plane gives me a wonderful opportunity to look through the
porthole and to admire beautiful landscapes.
However, some people don’t like travelling by air. Firstly, they
complain that it takes them much time to check in at the airport and to
have their baggage weighed. Secondly, some flights may be delayed or
cancelled because of unfavourable weather conditions. Thirdly, those
people who are airsick will hardly find the flight very nice. Finally,
aircraft engines emit noise and gases and contribute to air pollution
and global warming. Besides, a lot of people doubt that travelling by
plane is safe. They are afraid of plane crashes and terrorists. But as a
rule much attention is paid to security: all luggage is screened and
all passengers are carefully examined.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by plane or
not. Anyway, all means of travel have their advantages and
disadvantages.
Эссе / сочинение 6
Some people consider hitch-hiking to be the best way of travelling. Others think that hitchhiking is dangerous. Hitch-hikers travel by getting rides in other people’s cars. When
they want drivers to give them a lift, they stand on the roadside and
raise their hand or put out their thumb. Most hitch-hikers also carry a
sign with the name of the place they want to go to. But is it safe to
travel in such a way?
Personally, I think that hitch-hiking is a unique opportunity to see
different cities and countries. This way of travelling is for
enthusiastic people who want to reduce their road expenses. If you want
to travel but have no money, hitch-hiking is a single way out.
Hitch-hiking will help you get where you want to go for nothing.
But nowadays hitch-hiking is less common than it used to be some
years ago. There have been cases of hitch-hikers or the drivers who
picked them up being attacked or killed. That is why people, especially
young women, should avoid hitching alone. It is also necessary to be
always friendly and polite with drivers in order to avoid conflicts.
Besides, a lot of people say that hitchhiking is not for those who like
comfort. Sometimes you will have to walk, that is why you should travel
light. You should also prepare for your trip beforehand. You should
have a good idea of how to get where you are going and be informed about
road conditions and weather forecast.
To sum up, hitch-hiking is both exciting and dangerous. Anyway, if
you have decided to hitchhike, you should consult other people and ask
them to share their impressions.
Эссе / сочинение 7
Some people prefer travelling by train, while others say that it has a number of disadvantages. Nowadays people travel more often than they did in the past. There
are different means of travel that provide you with comfort and
security, so passengers have a great variety of choice available for
them. Travelling by train is very popular with many people, though it
has a number of disadvantages as well.
I am fond of travelling by train because I have speed, comfort and
pleasure combined. While travelling I can walk around, look through the
windows to enjoy a splendid view of the whole countryside and sit where I
can stretch my legs. If I am hungry, I can go to the dining-car and
have a meal. Trains can run in bad weather. What is more, as trains are
electrically-powered, they are considered to be less harmful to the
environment than other forms of transport. The service is popular with
passengers because it is fast, efficient, comfortable and quiet.
However, some people say that they don’t like travelling by train.
Firstly, they always have to stand in a long line in order to buy train
tickets beforehand. Secondly, you cannot stop where you want. Thirdly,
when you travel by train, you always have to get to the railway station
first. Finally, travelling by train is not very convenient if the trip
is long. Of course, travelling by train is not as fast as travelling by
plane. But one of the latest inventions is a high-speed train that can
run more than 200 km/h.
To conclude, it is up to you to decide whether to travel by train or
not. Anyway, travelling by train has both advantages and disadvantages.
Эссе / сочинение 8
Medical travel is becoming more and more popular with many people. However, others say that it has many disadvantages. Travelling abroad for medical treatment has been increasingly growing
lately. But why do many people choose to go to foreign clinics and is
medical travel as beneficial as it seems to be?
Medical tourists go to foreign countries for different reasons.
Firstly, many patients want to undergo certain medical procedures for
lower prices. For example, the cost of different operations in India,
Thailand or South Africa is much lower than in the United States or
Western Europe. Secondly, medical travel gives people the opportunity
not only to receive first-rate care from highly qualified specialists,
but also to have a holiday in an exotic country. Finally, many people go
abroad in order to avoid long waiting periods. In such countries as the
USA or Britain a person may wait for a certain medical procedure for a
year or even longer. But in other countries a patient can receive the
needed treatment immediately.
Nevertheless, some people say that undergoing treatment abroad may be
rather risky. For instance, infectious diseases in such countries as
Thailand or Malaysia are different from those in North America and
Europe. Foreign diseases may be extremely dangerous to weakened
patients. What is more, long flights should be avoided after certain
medical procedures. Additionally, some holiday-related activities such
as sunbathing or swimming may worsen patients’ health. But to my mind,
medical tourism is great because people can combine leisure with medical
procedures.
To conclude, medical travel can save your money and give you an
opportunity to rest and visit other countries. However, one should take
all possible risks into consideration before making the final decision
to go abroad.
Эссе / сочинение 9
Some people are fond of travelling to exotic countries, while others say that exotic travel is rather risky. Many people dream of exciting travels to sunny, beautiful and
interesting places in exotic countries. But every tourist must remember
that there are a number of risks that they need to be aware of.
In my opinion, exotic travel gives you an opportunity to participate
in exciting experiences. In exotic countries you can ride a camel or an
elephant, enjoy modern cities or picturesque little villages, admire
ancient temples and what not. Travelling to exotic countries many
tourists would like to watch the daily life of local people, to see
mountains, jungles and beaches. I believe that exotic travel is very
rewarding because it can lead to totally new understanding of diverse
cultures and lifestyles.
Nevertheless, arranging a perfect travel to exotic places is not an
easy task. Travel agencies show tourists colorful catalogues with
beautiful beaches and modern hotels. Most people find it difficult to
explore this immensity of offers and spot the one that would let them
admire a truly stunning seaside, good service, clean beaches and high
quality hotels. Many tourists feel ill at ease when they go to an exotic
country because they do not know much about its traditions and do not
understand the language. Some tourists may dislike the local food.
Furthermore, they have no natural immunity to foreign diseases. In
addition, tourists may have problems with insects, public transport,
thieves, insistent street vendors and so on.
To conclude, many people say that once you have tasted the excitement
of visiting exotic destinations, you’ll never want to stop. However,
tourists must take precautions in order to avoid unpleasant situations
and to remain safe and secure.
Рекомендации при написании эссе (сочинения с элементами рассуждения)На первый взгляд может показаться, что написать эссе (сочинение) на английском языке – это чрезвычайно сложно. Но если знать и соблюдать некоторые правила, то написание эссе (сочинения) будет не таким уж и страшным делом.
Итак, при написании эссе (сочинения) учитывайте следующие моменты:
Придерживайтесь формального стиля письма. Помните, что сокращения типа don’t, can’t, I’m, it’s – это не формальный стиль. Также избегайте восклицательных знаков, что тоже не соответствует нейтральности формального стиля. Следите за лексикой и не используйте таких фраз, как: well, to tell the truth и др. Эти фразы не соответствуют формальному стилю.
Разделите ваше эссе (сочинение) на несколько логических частей (абзацев). В первом абзаце представьте проблему, которую будете рассматривать в эссе. Чтобы правильно это сделать, переформулируйте тему. Не повторяйте тему, а переформулируйте ее!
Далее рассмотрите проблему с двух сторон – найдите два-три аргумента, поддерживающих одну точку зрения и столько же – в пользу другой. Не надо писать все аргументы, которые приходят в голову. Выберите два-три самых весомых и изложите их.
Выскажите свое отношение к проблеме. В двух-трех предложениях объясните, почему вы так думаете. Не повторяйте дословно уже приведенную аргументацию. Используйте перефразирование.
В последнем абзаце сделайте вывод по проблеме.
Следите за объемом эссе (сочинения). Принцип “чем больше, тем лучше” здесь неприменим. Эксперт, проверяющий вашу работу жестко отсчитывает нужное количество слов и проверяет только тот объем, который укладывается в норму. Эссе (сочинение) менее установленного объема вообще не проверяется и никак не оценивается.
Многие люди любят путешествовать. Они посещают другие города и страны, узнают новые культуры и традиции, заводят друзей среди иностранцев по всему миру.
Существует много средств передвижения: поезда, самолеты, корабли и автомобили. Некоторые люди путешествуют на велосипеде или пешком. Проживание также не проблема. Туризм – крупный бизнес, и по всему миру есть отели, в которых могут остановиться путешественники.
Я очень люблю путешествия. Они приносят новые впечатления и делают жизнь ярче. Мое любимое средство передвижения – поезд. Самолет слишком быстрый. Когда ты путешествуешь на поезде, ты чувствуешь дорогу. Мне нравится звук колес. В поезде я обычно сажусь у окна и читаю книгу. Иногда я лежу и слушаю аудиокнигу.
У меня нет любимых стран. На мой взгляд, все страны – хорошие места для путешествий. Мне нравится путешествовать в другие российские города, равно как и путешествовать за границу. Из российских городов я была в Новосибирске, Екатеринбурге, Москве, Иркутске, Хабаровске, Владивостоке и Южно-Сахалинске. Я также съездила на Алтай.
Я также была за границей. Я ездила в Польшу, Чехию, Финляндию, Швецию, Данию и Норвегию. Последняя мне понравилась больше всего. Норвегия – страна с невероятной природой; у меня осталось много ярких впечатлений. Я думаю, что впечатления – важнейшая часть любой поездки.
В заключение я хотела бы сказать, что путешествия – это лучший способ провести отпуск. Лучше съездить куда-нибудь, чем потратить деньги на вещи. Потому что вещи временны, а воспоминания бесценны. Так разве это не лучший способ отдохнуть?
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It’s always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.
Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun.
Most travelers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them – the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they have had.
People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by car, by bike and on foot. People travel to have a holidays or to have business. If people have business trips they choose the fastest transport. They often travel by plane or by train. It is very expensive but it is very fast. And if people want to have a rest they choose traveling by boat, by car, on horseback and etc. All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations.
If we are fond of traveling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.
Going abroad nowadays is a usual thing for many families. Some people, however, stay unsatisfied with the time they have spent in a foreign country. What are the advantaged and disadvantages of travelling abroad or is it worth staying at home?
One of the main advantages is the experiance you get from being in a foreign country. While being abroad you have the opportunity to pracrise the language and sosialise with citizens of the country you visit. This is especially beneficial if your occupation is connected with a foreign language.
Furthermore, you get aquainted with a new place and that makes you relaxand forget about your routine life.
On the other hand, pretravelling process might be very depressing because of all the documents you should collect in order to enter the choosen country.
What is more, you can get into trouble if you are not aqcuainted with the laws of the country you want to visit. What you are used to doing at home is not always normal for foreigners. Or you can also stay unsatisfied if the country you have chosen does not fit your expectations.
To sum up, it seems that international tourism is a good way of having a rest, but do not be upset if there are some problems with getting a visa. However, it must be remembered that if you think positively your holidays are going to be terrific!
Перевод:
Путешествовать за границу в наши дни – обычное дело для многих семей. Тем не менее, некоторые люди остаются неудовлетворенными временем, проведенным в зарубежной стране. Какие плюсы и минусы путешествий за границу и не лучше ли остаться дома?
Одно из главных преимуществ – опыт, который вы получаете, проводя время на территории другой страны. Пока вы находитесь за границей, у вас есть возможность практиковать язык и общаться с гражданами посещаемой вами страны. Это особенно выгодно, если ваша работа связанна с иностранным языком.
Более того, вы знакомитесь с новым местом, это вас расслабляет и заставляет забыть о рутинной жизни.
С другой стороны, предпоездочный процесс может быть очень угнетающим, из-за многочисленных документов, которые вы должны собрать для поездки в выбранную вами страну.
К тому же, вы можете попасть в неприятную ситуацию, если вы не знакомы с законами страны, которую вы желаете посетить. К чему вы привыкли дома, не всегда нормально для жителей других стран. Или вы можете остаться неудовлетворенными, если страна не оказалась такой, какой вы ожидали ее увидеть.
В завершение, стоит отметить, что международный туризм – отличный способ для расслабления, но не расстраивайтесь, если будут проблемы с получением визы. Не смотря на это, следует запомнить, что эсли вы мыслите позитивно, у вас будет отличный отпуск!
Никифорова Мария
I think everybody who is planning to visit any foreign country, should understand that he will not avoid the culture shock. Naturally, someone is affected with it more strongly, and someone almost doesn’t notice it, but always there is a culture shock! I want to say that there can be more than one shock. I’ll share my impressions and whether I felt a cultural shock being in another country or not.
This summer it was the first time I have been abroad and have felt the atmosphere of another world! Having participated in the program «Work & Travel», I visited the United States of America. The United States is a country where people have anotherworld-view, have another culture and traditions. The Americans have their own principles and symbols, which they value very much. Therefore, finding yourself being in their midst, you involuntarily start to feel ill at ease.
When I arrived to the U.S., I was happy realizing that I`m on the another continent, in New York, in Manhattan! In such moments you are full of emotion! But it doesn’t last for a long time. Concerns and problems begin to fill in your mind. There are no friends nearby, parents are far away, and everybody around speaks another language. At that time the culture shock begins to appear.
At first I missed my parents and home very much. I liked everything, but I knew that all that wasn`t native for me. In the first three weeks, during which I was getting to know America closer and closer, I definitely decided that I don’t want to live in the U.S. It’s much better to live in the native country and just to travel into the others. Now I can’t say what Ididn’t like in America in that period, but I was confident that I can live only in Russia! At that time I was ran by the same culture shock.
I didn’t intend to fight with it. Day after day I found new occupations for myself, visited new places and met new people. Gradually I began to realize that it became more interesting to be in ambient atmosphere which is alien to me. My first negative impression was replaced by curiosity and a desire to discover something new. And then I began to feel how a new cultural shock started appear that imprinted on me much stronger.
I lived in a small town of Portland on the Atlantic coast. This neat and comfortable town receives thousands of visitors from different spots around the world. It seemed like every resident was waiting just for you. Undoubtedly, I was especially impressed by the relationships between people. For every situation the absolute equality of strangers and mutual respect are inherent.
Courtesy, understanding and frank support come from most of the passers-by. I often was looking for different objects, and always passers-by didn’t remain indifferent. Strangers were willing to help me, to show the necessary road or to the desired location. Once, I was offered the help of a girl from a passing car. She noticed me walking with the map and didn’t hesitate to stop with the desire to help.
A kind smile, the ubiquitous apologies for the slightest inconvenience and wishes of a good day assuredly have impressed me! Also, I could not help noticing a high degree of confidence. Most clearly I remember the case at the station in one of the closest islands, where bikes were provided for rent. The best way to enjoy the beauties of the island – to take a bike and explore every small place of the earth, which is washed by the ocean from all sides. When I got a bicycle I wasn’t asked for any documents in pledge. Arriving at the end of the day to return it to the station, I expected to meet with the employee, who would put a bike to the parking himself. Instead, I saw an inscription on the fence «Please do not take bikes after 6 pm» and placed it myself. There were a lot of interesting stories, and after each respect to the Americans only increased.
As I was staying in the city, the culture shock was growing! I can’t not help saying about the impression which was made by Americans’ attitude to the culture. Very small in area city has managed to accommodate dozens of architectural sights, historical monuments, beautiful parks and squares. Every important event in the history of the city and the country is not forgotten and displayed in the original monument.
There are a lot of picture galleries and thematic museums which are opened for everybody who likes arts. It’s very surprising that visiting many world famous exhibition centers, such as National Gallery of art or National Air and Space Museum in Washington is free. It’s a unique opportunity to learn about global arts and increase your own level of culture.
During this summer I visited several annual festivals, weekly live music concerts of young performers. The big amount of different tours by unusual outward buses and active participation of every inhabitant of the country in national holidays – all that surprised me and it really caused a cultural shock.
I want to note one more feature of American life, the impressions of which, I think, has also become part of the culture shock. I’m talking about the opportunity of freely and easily enjoying nature. Americans provide a lot of ways of plunging into nature environment and feel its power. Walking on water among the islands and on a boat in the moonlight, sailing on a yacht with a sail on the fast waves on the wild places with cries of seagulls, rafting and bike riding in the deep forests – all this you could try, being in a small town of Portland.
I can tell a long story about what I remember from the summer tour. Now I remember the first drops of rain that fell on me in the U.S., and sadness that I felt when leaving this terrific place. I remember the meetings and I don’t want to remember the moment of parting. This trip allowed me to see the world in new ways, taught me a lot and I got a great life experience.
A lot of days I spent like in a fairy tale! I close my eyes and I see a bright light of the lighthouse shining in the infinite distance, the flight of seagulls, reflections of lights in the water. I remember the sound of the surf and liners’ whistles! I remember my first working day. What my job taught me. But I`m glad – I`m really glad that I`m back in Russia! Here I was born, here is my family and here is my home! There is no any country which can replace my motherland! Nevertheless I`m happy that I managed to discover the new frontiers of our world, to open an interesting country USA! I`m happy that I have been there!
Перевод:
Я думаю, любой человек, планирующий посетить другую страну, должен понимать, что культурного шока ему не избежать. Естественно, кто-то подвержен этому сильнее, а для кого-то он почти не заметен, но культурный шок всегда существует! И я хочу сказать о том, что этих шоков может быть и больше одного. Я поделюсь своими впечатлениями и тем, испытала ли я культурный шок, будучи в другой стране.
Этим летом я впервые побывала за границей и ощутила атмосферу другого мира! Принимая участие в программе «Work & Travel», я посетила Соединенные Штаты Америки.
США – это страна, в которой живут люди с другим мировоззрением, другой культурой и другими традициями. У американцев свои принципы и символы, которыми они очень дорожат. Поэтому, очутившись в их среде, невольно начинаешь чувствовать себя неуютно.
Когда я приехала в США, я была счастлива, осознавая, что я на другом континенте, в Нью-Йорке, в Манхеттене! В такие минуты эмоции переполняют! Но это длитсянедолго. Заботы и проблемы начинают заполнять твои мысли. Рядом нет друзей, родители далеко, а вокруг все говорят на другом языке. Именно тогда и начинает проявляться культурный шок.
Первое время я очень сильно скучала по дому и родителям. Мне все нравилось, но я понимала, что все это мне неродное. В первые три недели, в течение которых я знакомилась с Америкой все ближе и ближе, я определенно решила, что я не хочу жить в США. Намного лучше жить в родной стране, а в другие – только путешествовать. Сейчас я уже не могу точно сказать, что в тот период мне не нравилось в Америке, но я была уверена в том, что я смогу жить только в России! Тогда мной управлял тот самый культурный шок.
Я не ставила себе целью бороться с ним. День за днем я находила себе новые занятия, посещала новые места и знакомилась с новыми людьми. Постепенно я начала осознавать, что мне стало интереснее находиться в окружающей чуждой мне атмосфере. Мое первое негативное впечатление сменилось любопытством и желанием открыть для себя что-то новое. И тогда я стала ощущать, как в моем сознании возникает новый культурный шок, который отпечатался на мне намного сильнее.
Я жила в небольшом городке Портлэнде на берегу Атлантического океана. Этот аккуратный и уютный городок принимает тысячи гостей из разных точек всего мира. Кажется, будто каждый житель ждал именно тебя. Несомненно, особое впечатление на меня произвели отношения между людьми. Любой обстановке присуще абсолютное равенство незнакомых друг другу людей и взаимное уважение.
Вежливость, взаимопонимание и откровенная помощь исходят от большинства встречных. Мне не раз приходилось искать различные объекты, и всегда встречные не оставались равнодушны. Незнакомцы готовы были помочь мне, провести по нужной дороге или проводить до искомого места. Однажды мне предложила помощь девушка из проезжающего мимо автомобиля. Заметив меня идущей с картой, она, не колеблясь, остановилась с желанием помочь.
Добрые улыбки, повсеместные извинения за малейшие неудобства и пожелания хорошего дня бесспорно впечатлили меня! Также я не могла не заметить высокой степени взаимного доверия людей. Особенно ярко мне запомнился случай на станции одного из ближайших островов, где выдавались велосипеды напрокат. Лучший способ насладиться красотами острова – взять велосипед и исследовать каждый уголочек земли, со всех сторон омываемой океаном. При получении велосипеда с меня не потребовали ни одного документа в залог. Приехав в конце дня сдавать его на станцию, я рассчитывала на встречу с работником, который самостоятельно поставил бы велосипед на стоянку. Вместо этого я лишь увидела надпись на ограждении «Пожалуйста, не берите велосипеды после 6 вечера» и поставила его сама. Было еще немало интересных историй, и после каждой уважение к американцам лишь возрастало.
По мере пребывания в городе, культурный шок возрастал! Не могу не сказать о впечатлении, которое на меня произвело отношение американцевк культуре. Весьма маленький по площади город сумел вместить в себе десятки архитектурных достопримечательностей, исторических монументов, красивых парков и площадей. Каждое важное событие в истории города и страны не забыто и отображено в оригинальном памятнике.
Немало картинных галерей и тематических музеев открыты для всех любителей искусства. Особенно поразило то, что посещение многих знаменитых на весь мир выставочных центров, таких как Национальная галерея искусства и Национальный авиационно-космический музей в Вашингтоне, – абсолютно бесплатно. Это уникальная возможность познакомиться с мировыми ценностями и повысить свой уровень культуры.
В течение лета мне не раз довелось стать свидетелем ежегодных фестивалей, еженедельных концертов живой музыки молодых исполнителей. Большое разнообразие экскурсий на необычных, словно игрушечных, автобусах и активное участие каждого жителя страны в национальных праздниках – все это удивляло и по-настоящему вызывало культурный шок.
Хочется отметить еще одну особенность жизни американцев, впечатления от которой, я думаю, также стали частью культурного шока. Я говорю о возможности легко и свободно насладиться красотами природного мира. Американцы предоставляют множество способов окунуться в природную среду и почувствовать на себе ее силу. Прогулки по водам океана среди островов и на катере при свете луны, плавание на яхте под парусом по быстрым волнам по диким местам под крики парящих чаек, сплавы по рекам и велосипедные прогулки в глубину лесных массивов – все это можно было попробовать, будучи в маленьком городке под названием …
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Мустафина Алиса
КемИ РГТЭУ, Кемерово, Россия
Travelling (6)
Today we can’t
imagine our life without travelling. During trips people get
unforgettable impressions and vivid emotions, meet new people
and learn about their lifestyle and culture. Travelling is also
a source of inspiration and the prefect way of recreation. I
think that all people need holidays to change the scene.
However, when it comes to travelling in your own country or in
foreign countries, opinions vary. In my judgment, travelling to
foreign countries is ideal for practicing languages, while
through travelling to our home country we can better understand
the past and present.
Nowadays the
variety of destinations is huge. Among the most popular health
resorts are Greece and the United Arabic Emirates. Personally, I
think that the demand can be explained by relatively low prices
and short distances between cities. It takes you less than four
hours to get there by plane. Moreover, there are direct regular
flights from Rostov-on-Don to Athens and Dubai. It is necessary
to mention that today many travel agents offer great deals,
especially for package holidays, which include flights,
transfers, accommodation, insurance, meals, as well as different
excursions. Talking about those people who prefer tours across
Russia, they usually choose the Black Sea coast, including
Sochi, Yalta or Novorossiysk, However, if you want to learn more
about the history of your own country, it is better to choose
the Golden Ring of Russia programs and bus excursions.
As for means of
travelling, people can travel by car, by train, by plain, by
ship or on foot.
When people plan
long-distance trips and want to save time, they usually choose
air travel. The flight itself is very comfortable. When the
plane takes off, passengers should fasten their belts and switch
off all electronic devices. In a while one can relax, listen to
music, read magazines or take a nap. During the flight the
airhostess offers all passengers some drinks and snacks. In case
of need one can ask for a blanket or travel sickness pills.
However, air travels are not suitable for people who suffer from
high blood pressure, heart disease or other illnesses. Besides,
it is the high price for tickets that can prevent many tourists
from travelling by plane.
It is necessary
to mention that some people still choose travelling by train. I
think most of us prefer express trains and compartment
carriages. During the trip one can go to the dining car or chat
over a cup of tea with fellow-travelers in a compartment. If you
are afraid of heights, it is better for you to choose a lower
berth. Frankly speaking, I don’t see any disadvantages of
travelling by train. It is always very interesting and exciting.
As for travelling
by sea, it is always full of adventures and mysteries. That is
why sea cruises attract so many tourists nowadays. Passengers
usually live in comfortable cabins but spend most of their time
on the deck swimming and sunbathing. During the voyage some
adventure seekers can experience scuba diving in the open sea.
However, those who suffer from sea sickness find this way of
travelling unsuitable for them.
Backpacking is
very popular among young travelers who want to join the nature.
Tourists usually prefer to sleep in a tent or a sleeping bag in
the open air, sit by the fire, go fishing or boating. It is
always breathtaking.
In my judgment,
no matter where you go on a holiday, travelling is a small life
full of new impressions, exciting adventures and high spirits.
Путешествия (6)
Сегодня невозможно представить нашу
жизнь без путешествий. Ведь во время поездок люди получают
незабываемые впечатления, яркие эмоции, знакомятся с новыми
людьми и больше узнают об их стиле жизни и культуре. Путешествия
— это также источник вдохновения и превосходный способ
восстановления жизненных сил. Я считаю, что каждому из нас
просто необходим отдых для смены обстановки. Однако когда речь
заходит о том, куда поехать — за рубеж или по просторам родины,
— мнения сильно расходятся. С моей точки зрения, путешествия по
зарубежным странам идеально подойдут тем, кому нужна практика
иностранного языка, в то время как путешествия в пределах нашей
родины дают нам лучшее понимание ее прошлого и настоящего.
На сегодняшний день выбор
туристических направлений велик. Среди наиболее популярных
курортов выделяют Грецию и Объединенные Арабские Эмираты. Лично
я считаю, что такой высокий спрос можно объяснить относительно
низкими ценами и коротким расстоянием между городами. Ведь чтобы
туда добраться на самолете, потребуется менее четырех часов.
Более того, есть прямые регулярные рейсы из Ростова-на-Дону в
Афины и Дубай. Следует отметить, что сегодня многие
туристические агенты делают выгодные предложения, особенно это
касается комплексных туров, которые включают в себя перелет,
проживание, трансфер, страховку, питание, а также различные
экскурсии. Говоря о тех, кто отдает предпочтение турам по
России, они обычно выбирают черноморское побережье, включая
Сочи, Ялту и Новороссийск. Однако если вы хотите узнать больше о
своей родной стране, то вам лучше выбрать программы туров по
Золотому Кольцу России и автобусные экскурсии.
Что касается средств передвижения,
то можно путешествовать на автомобиле, на поезде, на самолете,
на корабле или пешком. Когда люди планируют поездки на длинные
расстояния и хотят сэкономить время, то они обычно отдают
предпочтение воздушным путешествиям. Сам по себе перелет очень
комфортный. Когда самолет взлетает, пассажиры должны пристегнуть
ремни и выключить все электронные устройства. Через некоторое
время можно расслабиться, послушать музыку, почитать журналы или
вздремнуть. Во время перелета стюардессы обычно предлагают
напитки и закуски. В случае необходимости можно попросить одеяло
или таблетки от воздушной болезни. Однако путешествия на
самолете не подходят тем людям, которые страдают гипертонией,
сердечными заболеваниями и некоторыми другими недугами. Кроме
того, высокие цены на билеты могут стать серьезной проблемой для
многих туристов.
Также необходимо упомянуть о тех
людях, кто выбирает путешествия на поезде. Мне лично кажется,
что большая часть из них отдает предпочтение экспресс-поездам и
купированным вагонам. Во время путешествия можно сходить в
вагон-ресторан или поболтать за чашкой чая с попутчиками в купе.
Если вы боитесь высоты, то лучше выбрать нижнюю полку. Честно
говоря, я не вижу недостатков у этого вида путешествий. Поездка
всегда очень захватывающая и интересная.
Что касается морских круизов, то они
всегда полны тайн и приключений. Именно поэтому сегодня они
привлекают стольких туристов. Пассажиры обычно живут в уютных
каютах, но проводят большую часть своего времени на палубе,
купаясь и загорая. Во время круиза искатели приключений могут
погрузиться с аквалангами в открытое море. Однако те, кто
страдают от морской болезни, находят этот вид путешествий
неприемлемым для них.
Пеший туризм является популярным
направлением среди молодых путешественников, которые хотят
слиться с природой. Туристы обычно спят на открытом воздухе в
палатках или спальных мешках, сидят у костра, ходят на рыбалку
или катаются на лодке. От таких туров всегда захватывает дух.
С моей точки зрения, не важно, куда
вы отправляетесь на отдых, путешествие — это маленькая жизнь,
полная новых впечатлений, увлекательных приключений и хорошего
настроения.
Vocabulary:
1) trip [trip]
— путешествие, поездка
2) journey [‘< &з:ш] — путешествие, поездка (обычно сухопутные) 3) cruise [kru:z] — морское путешествие, круиз 4) voyage [VOIIC^] — плаванье по морю, морское путешествие 5) inspiration [(insp(9)'reij((b)n] — вдохновение, воодушевление 6) opinions vary — мнения расходятся 7) destination [,desti'neif(9)n] — пункт назначения, (туристиче¬ское) направление 8) health/holiday resort [helG n'zo:t] — курорт 9) package holiday/tour — турпутевка, включающая проезд, про¬живание, питание, экскурсии; турпакет «все включено» 10) transfer [traen(t)s'f3.] — трансфер 11) accommodation [э,кэтэ^е1Дэ)п] — проживание (в гостинице) 12) insurance [m'Ju9r(9)n(t)s] — страхование 13) excursion [iks'k3:J(9)n] — экскурсия, круиз 14) air travel — воздушное путешествие, путешествие на самолете 15) passenger ['paes^ncfca] — пассажир 16) to take off— взлетать (о самолете) 17) electronic devices [di'vaisiz] — электронные устройства 18) airhostess ['ea.haustas] — стюардесса, бортпроводница 19) to take a nap — вздремнуть, немного поспать 20) blanket ['blaerjkit] — одеяло 21) high blood pressure — гипертония, высокое кровяное дав¬ление 22) compartment carriage [kam'paitmant 'каегкЭД — купирован¬ный вагон 23) dining саг ['dainin 'ka:] — вагон-ресторан (пассажирский ва¬гон, оборудованный сидячими местами и подразумевающий воз¬можность покупки как легких закусок, так и полноценных обедов) 24) fellow-traveler — попутчик 25) upper/lower berth [Ьэ:0] — верхняя/нижняя полка, спальное место (в вагоне) 26) deck [dek] — палуба 27) sea sickness — морская болезнь 28) unsuitable [Wsuitabl] — неподходящий, непригодный 29) backpacking ['baekpaekin] — пеший туризм, туристический поход 30) sleeping bag — спальный мешок 31) tent [tent] — палатка
There are many ways of spending holidays. Some people like going to the country, others prefer sitting at home and watching TV all day long. But more and more people travel. There are many reasons for travelling . Some people travel on business, others travel to visit their families, but most people travel to see the world and different countries.
There are also a lot of ways of travelling. People can travel by car, by plane, by ship, by train, by coach or on foot. Travelling by plane is the fastest way of travelling. This is the best way to get to a foreign country fast. Modern planes are comfortable and it is very nice to fly to the destination point.
The most comfortable way of travelling is by ship. Modern liners have everything to make people feel nice and comfortable. There are swimming-pools, bars, restaurants and even shops on board a modern liner. People enjoy spending time on the deck looking at the ocean and talking. Sunsets and sunrises are beautiful in the open sea. There are some disadvantages of travelling by ship. The main disadvantage is that travelling by ship is the most expensive way of travelling . Tickets cost a lot and some people cannot afford them. Some people can be sea-sick and this is another disadvantage.
Travelling by train is rather popular now, too. People go from one city to another by train if the distance between them is too big, or if they do not have a car. Modern trains are also rather comfortable and travelling by train is convenient and cheap.
Travelling by coach to Europe is rather cheap. There are special international tours by coach when you travel through several countries. Instead of one foreign country, you can see a few of them. However, it also has disadvantages. Some people feel sick in coaches and their trip can be spoilt. It is also not very comfortable to sleep on a seat. Sometimes tourists do not have enough time to see the sights of this or that city.
My favourite way of travelling is travelling by car. I think this is one of the most comfortable means of travelling. You can enjoy the view looking through the window and this way of travelling is rather fast. You can travel to different cities and towns of your native country and even abroad.
In summer I like travelling on foot. This way of traveling is called hiking. I take a tent, backpacks, food and start walking. This kind of travelling is slow, but you spend a lot of time outside and you do not have to think about tickets. During such hikes, one can see a lot of interesting places and meet new people. It is so nice to sleep in a tent in the open air, too.
If you decide to travel by any means of transport you’ll have to prepare for the trip. If you travel by plane, train or ship, you have to book tickets beforehand. You can do this over the phone or in a travel agency. If you travel by plane, you have to be at the airport two hours before an international flight and one hour before a domestic flight. The officers will check your luggage and you will have to get though the passport control. When you go by train, it is easier, because you have to go through ticket control only.
Travelling is always nice. It gives you an opportunity to see foreigners and interesting places. I love travelling!
WAYS OF TRAVELLING
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, and to listen to different musical rhythms. Those, who live in the country, like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea, or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk, bathe and laze in the sun.
People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by coach, by motorcycle and by car. For most people, speed is a very important factor when they are travelling. They want to reach their destination as quickly as possible. Travelling by plane is the fastest and the most convenient way. When you reach your place of destination in a few hours you realize all the advantages of travelling by air.
Whenever you want to go somewhere by plane you should book a seat on a flight to your destination for a certain date. You may book a single, return or open return ticket. When booking a ticket you should mention what class you are going to travel: first, business or economy class. You may ask the travel agent what time the coach leaves the airport terminal for the airport and what is the latest time of check-in at the airport.
Before boarding the plane, you should register your luggage at a check-in desk. Here you are required to have your luggage weighed, and then a uniformed attendant attaches a special label to it and gives you a boarding pass. There is no need to worry about your luggage any longer. It will be put in the luggage compartment of the plane. If your luggage weighs more than allowed, you are supposed to pay for the additional weight. Then you must go through the security check where your hand luggage is checked.
Before the flight you have to spend some time at the airport. You may wait in the departure lounge. Then you hear your flight announced, and the passengers are invited to board the plane and take their seats. The announcer says when and at what gate your flight is boarding, or he/she may announce a delay of your flight. It often happens that a delay of a flight is due to adverse weather conditions. In this case you can obtain a voucher for refresh¬ments. These vouchers are accepted at the cafeteria, and you can have your meal free of charge till you hear the announcement that your flight is boarding.
The stewardess greets the passengers and shows them to their seats. The airplane armchairs are very cosy, and they are equipped with safety belts, which must be fastened during both take off and landing. Sometimes the order to fasten the belts may be given during the flight.
When the plane takes off, the stewardess gives the passengers all the information about the flight, the speed and the altitude at which the plane will be flying. She asks the passengers to fasten seat belts and not to smoke during the flight. Then she offers them some mineral water, lemonade and sweets. The stewardesses are usually very amiable and cater for the passengers’ wants and needs. If you want anything during the flight, you are to press a button with a pictogram of a stewardess, and she will immediately come to your help. During the flight the passengers do whatever they like.
• Education is the most valuable thing for a teenager
Some people believe that teenagers should study all the time because it is one of the most important things for them at their age. Others tend to think that education is not such a valuable aspect of teenagers’ life as it may seem. In this essay I am going to detail my own view on this issue.
• Volunteering is essential for teenagers
Many modern teenagers are involved in volunteering, and their involvement appears to be controversial. Some people appreciate teenagers’ participation in social projects while others would prefer teenagers to pay more attention to themselves. In this essay I am going to detail my position on this issue.
• Studying knows no holidays
Some people believe that studying is a continuous proccess while others tend to think that there is no necessity to spend every hour of your life on acquiring knowledge and developing skills. In this essay I am going to express myself on this issue.
• An early choice of a career path is the key to success
All people want to be successful in life and they expect their career to give them all the good things of life. The question is when it is better to make a career choice. Some people believe that career decisions should be made at an early age, while others are sure that one should take some time and think it out.
• Fast food is the food of the future
It is difficult to imagine our life without fast food. It is gradually forcing out the traditional cuisine, and many people are sure that fast food will dominate in the future.
• New information technologies cannot make one smarter
As a matter of fact, we live in the age of information technologies, varying in complexity, size, and purpose. Personal computers, computer nets, laptops, smartphones are great inventions used by people every day. The question is whether these gadgets make mankind smarter.
• Studying online is better than going to a regular class
The modern world is experiencing great changes in almost every sphere of life including education. Nowadays, young people have a variety of educational systems. Online classes are becoming more and more popular.
• Exams motivate students to study harder
If you go to school or university, you are faced with a number of exams. Basically, these exams are supposed to test your knowledge and skills. Also, they may motivate you to study harder.
• Sport is the best way to reduce stress
Our life is full of stress. Many people live under the press of economic, social and other problems. These people find different ways to get rid of stress, and one of them is sport.
• Chinese will replace English as an international language
At any age there are languages that dominate all over the world. These languages are spoken and understood by the majority of people. Nowadays, English enjoys the most popularity, yet Chinese seems to have better perspectives.
• Fast food outlets should be closed
Fast food is a flourishing modern industry conquering the whole world. It is not top-secret that this kind of food is far from being healthy. It causes serious diseases like obesity, cancer, diabetes, and, for that matter, many people want fast food outlets to be closed everywhere.
• Honesty is the best policy
From an early age we have been taught to be honest with people around us. Our parents and teachers always make us tell the truth and disapprove of a lie. Yet many of us consider honesty not to be the best policy.
• Family is the most important thing in life
People put much value upon different things, for example, money, freedom, friends, etc. But it is often stated that family has to be on top of all things.
• It is difficult to understand jokes from other countries
Everybody likes to laugh that is why he/she often watches comedies and humorous shows, reads funny stories. Some people consume all this content no matter where it comes from, others ignore foreign humour because they find it difficult to understand.
• Money cannot make one happy
Everyone wants to be rich and happy. Some people see the direct connection between money and happiness, others consider them to be two different things.
• The best way to lose weight is following a diet
There are many ways to loose weight, and following a diet is one of the most popular ones. But is being on a diet the best strategy to grow thin?
• It is better to read a book than to watch its film version
Nowadays, more and more people neglect books and prefer watching their film versions. The question is whether it is a positive tendency or not.
• Clothes people are wearing can influence their behaviour
We cannot imagine our life without clothes, the main function of which is protective. Clothes protect us from cold and hot weather, from rain and snow and from other negative effects of the environment. Also, clothes are considered to influence people’s behaviour.
• A person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily teach it
Nowadays, learning foregn languages is becoming more and more popular. Thus language teachers are in great demand everywhere. Many people, who are fluent in languages but are not educational specialists, are tempted to tackle the teaching.
• Virtual Internet communication results in losing real-life social skills
New technologies are developing at high speed these days, and their development is unstoppable. One of the most influential technologies is the Internet penetrating into every aspect of people’s life and endangering their real-life social skills.
• It is better to be a leader of a group than to be a simple member
All members of our society can be divided into two categories – leaders and ordinary members. Their functions, levels of responsibility and rewards are different. While leaders usually have high standards of living, ordinary people do with limited amenities of life.
• Children should be able to choose which subjects to learn at school
At school children are supposed to learn many subjects. Most of them are compulsory, that is why boys and girls often make a stand against them and say they want to choose subjects on their own.
• It is better to learn distantly than to go to traditional school
Technological progress has caused an argument about education. The thing is that some people believe that distant learning is better, and other people stick to the point that going to school is the only way to get good education.
• Some people think that extreme sports help to build character
Nowadays more and more people go in for extreme sports like skateboarding, base jumping, parachute jumping, mountaineering and others. They believe that extreme sports help to build character.
• Good books are those books that all people like and understand
Nowadays there is a great variety of literary writings varying in genre, volume, conceptual meaning, and so on. Some of them are recognized as good and worth reading without fail. But the question is how people manage to grade books and select good ones.
• Virtual travelling is better than the real thing
Nowadays the virtual world is gradually becoming an essential part of our life. On the Internet, there are a lot of photos and video presentations of different countries and cities so that you do not need to go and see them with your own eyes.
• Life is becoming more and more dangerous
Life is not fixed, and our living conditions are constantly changing. The question is whether they are changing for the better or the worse.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Public libraries are becoming less popular and they will soon disappear
Public libraries are supposed to store paper books and lend them to everyone who wants to borrow them. But modern technologies allow you to get a book you need without going to libraries.
• In any occupation discipline is more important than talent
Everyone wants to be successful in his or her occupation. The question is what the person needs more – discipline or talent.
• Some people think that to get a good education one should go abroad
If you want to be a successful person, you have to get a good education abroad or in this country. What option is the best?
• Only people who earn a lot of money can be successful
All people in the world want to be successful. Most of them are convinced that success means much money.
• Every city and every town should have a zoo
It is always fun to visit a zoo. Both children and grown-ups like to watch different animals: mammals, reptiles and others. The problem is that not every city and every town has a zoo.
• Fast food kills national culinary traditions
Fast food is a fast-growing industry including thousands of restaurants and cafes throughout the country. It may seem that fast food is killing national culinary traditions.
• Some people think that you can have only one true friend
Friendship is one of the greatest phenomena of people’s life. The true friend is always ready to help and support us in any situation. Is it possible to have many true friends?
• Some people think that young people should follow in their parents’ footsteps when choosing a profession
Choosing a profession is a great problem because its solution affects almost every aspects of a person’s future life. To be on the safe side, many young people follow in their parents’ footsteps. Are they right or not?
• Some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money
Learning foreign languages is becoming more and more popular nowadays. A number of language schools and teachers is constantly growing up. But there are some people think that learning foreign languages is a waste of time and money.
• A pupil cannot study effectively without a computer
The computer is one of the greatest inventions of all times. It helps us to work, relax, and study. Computer technologies are widely used in education by both teachers and pupils. It is believed that computers help them to be more effective.
• Does love at first sight really exist? Is it a charming romantic fiction or a reality?
Love is a nice feeling that is the reason of durable family ties. If two persons love each other they are much more likely to reach mutual understanding and overcome difficulties of life.
• The Internet is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. Still, it is considered to be dangerous to many people.
Nowadays, almost every home has access to the Internet. We use the Internet for various purposes: gaining necessary information, taking part in communities, and even making money.
• More and more people are choosing to live in cities. But some people take up residence in the country.
Nowadays, there’s a tendency for active young people to leave rural areas for towns and cities. That is the reason why the population of the villages is thinning down now.
• Some people prefer to have big families, but the others come to nothing more than only one child
Family is a basic constituent of any nation. The well-being of the nation depends on the well-being of each family. A lot of factors make a family happy, and children are among of them. But how many children does a family need to be perfectly happy?
• Well-developed industry ensures the well-being of the whole country and its citizens. But industrial growth is often followed by aggravation of environmental problems.
Industrial development plays a large role in prosperity of any country. I doubt whether the country could do without leading industries, such as: heavy and light industry, power engineering, extractive industry, heavy engineering, chemical industry, etc.
• As is well known, going in for sport is extremely health-giving. However, many professional athletes suffer from diseases caused by intense exercises.
Nice shape, great stamina, bulging muscles are the dreams of most people. These dreams may come true thanks to sport.
• Fast food is perhaps the quickest way to satisfy your hunger. But according to many experts, fast food can cause serious illnesses: obesity, gastritis, indigestion, pancreatitis, etc.
You can hardly find a person who never heard about global fast food chains, such as McDonald’s, Subways, Burger King and so on. Nowadays, fast food industry is one of the most flourishing businesses all over the world.
• Not anyone who knows a foreign language can be an interpreter
Nowadays, being an interpreter is one of the most prestigious occupations. A lot of young people dream of becoming an interpreter, that’s why they study foreign languages very actively. Many of them achieve a good level of competence.
• School leavers should take a gap year before entering university
Many high school students take a gap year before entering university. This is a year in which they usually travel abroad and see the world to broaden their horizons. However, some people believe it’s better for them to go straight to university.
• Team sports help people develop a stronger character than individual sports do
There are many benefits to playing both team and individual sports. Apart from getting some exercise and improving your physical abilities, you can learn about your strengths and weakness and feel great about your accomplishments on the track or field. However, some people believe that team sports help develop a person’s character better.
• People have become too dependent on technology
These days, people use technology to do many things. They use computers at work, mobile phones for communication, and television to watch programmes. These devices are useful, but have people become too dependent on them?
• Governments should limit the size of sugary drink containers in order to improve public health
Whenever you visit a supermarket, there is always a huge selection of soft drinks. These drinks are popular because they’re full of sugar, which makes them taste great. It’s become a problem for some people who have gained weight from drinking them. So, should governments limit the size of the containers these drinks are sold in?
• People shouldn’t be allowed to work from home because it’s less productive than being in the office
More and more people are working from home rather than in an office. It has become easier to work at home because your work can be done on a computer and emailed into the office. But is this good for productivity?
• The production and sale of genetically-modified food should be banned
In an effort to improve our food supply, scientists have discovered ways to genetically modify food so that it grows faster and is less susceptible to disease. But should the production and sale of genetically-modified food be banned?
• Filmgoers should rely on reviews when choosing a film to see
Going to the cinema is a popular pastime that nearly everyone loves doing. It seems that every week, a dozen new films are released, and filmgoers are curious about which ones are worth seeing. Should filmgoers rely on reviews when choosing a film to see?
• Pushing children to achieve robs them of their childhood
Our world has become very competitive, and many parents want to do their best to prepare their children for success in life. Do parents push their children too hard when they’re young, taking away a happy childhood in the process?
• Just as teachers assess their students, so students should assess their teachers
It is a teacher’s job to assess students’ performance in class. They must mark students’ work and give them feedback on their progress. Should students also be allowed to assess their teachers on their performance?
• It’s always best to wear a business suit when you have an interview for a job
Getting a job takes a lot of effort, as you have to prepare yourself to answer a lot of questions about your skills and your history. You also have to look your best at the interview. Should you always wear a business suit to an interview?
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕМЫ СОЧИНЕНИЙ:
• Getting married and having children is the key to one’s happiness.
• The generation gap will always exist.
• Vegetarianism is the only way of healthy eating.
• Cloning people will break the normal life.
• Feng Shui makes people more successful.
• In 100 years, all the countries will be at peace.
• New technologies will make crime impossible.
• It is insane to live in a densely packed block of flats.
• Man should come back to nature and enjoy healthy pleasures of rural life.
• For the younger generation there is nothing in seclusion of a countryside.
• Joys of life in the country could be fully appreciated only by local people.
• It is necessary to build blocks of flats nowadays.
• Films can tell us a lot about the country where they were made.
• It is strange that some movie stars earn millions of dollars a year.
• Watching violence in movies is bad for children.
• Technology has made the cinema a better thing.
• There is no future without the Internet.
• The growth of the Hollywood film industry has replaced quality with quantity.
• Cosmetic surgery can improve the quality of life.
• International sport is war without shooting.
• Telepathetic communication would lead to constant conflicts.
• President of a country is the most important person.
• Education opens the doors to happiness and success.
• University students should pay for their education.
• Earning money is more important than getting a good education.
• Your work is your identity.
• Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance.
• Fashion is a pure commerce.
• Marriage should be banned before a certain age.
• New technologies boost unemployment.
Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays traveling. They travel to see other continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy Picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It`s always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms. Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun. Most travelers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them — the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they have had. People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by car, by bike and on foot. People travel to have a holidays or to have business. If people have business trips they choose the fastest transport. They often travel by plane or by train. It is very expensive but it is very fast. And if people want to have a rest they choose traveling by boat, by car, on horseback and etc. When you travel by car or by bike you can stop where you want. All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations. If we are fond of traveling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.