Сочинение по английскому языку на тему нижний новгород
5 вариантов
THE KREMLIN OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD
The Kremlin of Nizhny Novgorod (built in the years 1500-1511) was an important military fortification of its time The total perimeter of the walls is 2045 m, its surface is 22,7 ha (compare: the Moscow Kremlin 2250 m and 27,5 respectively). The Kremlin was built with the participation of Russian and Italian craftsmen. The Kremlin was restored in the middle of the XX-th century under the supervision of Svaytoslav Agafonov. At present the towers and the walls of the Kremlin are under the jurisdiction of History and Architecture Museum. The Kremlin of Nizhny Novgorod is the administrative center of the Volga region, of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’ and of Nizhny Novgorod itself. Dmitrievskaya tower was the main entrance to the Kremlin and besides was initially the upland center of defence. The tower got its name from Dmitry Solunsky church. As a reserve of History and Architecture Museum it hosts various exhibitions. In 1993 the image of the founder of Nizhny Novgorod – the Great Prince Yury Vsevolodovich – was installed in the icon niche on the outer part of the tower above the entrance. Kladovaya (Storage) tower was used as armoury, the place where weapons were stored (that’s where the name comes from). Now there is a bar in the tower which has the same name “Kladovaya tower”. This is the starting point of an excursion around the Kremlin walls (as far as Chasovaya tower). Nikolskaya tower got its name from Verhneposadskaya Nikolskaya church, which stood in Bolshaya Pokrovskaya Street. The tower belonged to military department and was used as a warehouse. Koromyslova (Yoke) tower. There is a poetic legend about how the tower got its name. This legend is about a girl who killed a lot of enemies using a yoke. She was buried with all honours under the basement of the tower. The other version of how the tower got its name says that the tower together with the adjacent walls resembles a woman with a yoke. Tainitskaya (Secret) tower was called so because it had a secret underground passage which led to the Pochaina River. In 1941-1942 antiaircraft guns were mantled on the upper platform of the tower. Severnaya (North) tower is called so because it is situated to the north of Tainitskaya tower. This tower as well as Chasovaya tower was planned to be reconstructed and used as the residence for VIPs visiting our city (this plan was not realized). During the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) there was a weapon emplacement of anti-aircraft defence on the upper platform of the tower. Chasovaya (Clock) tower was called so because it housed the main tower clock. During the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) there was a weapon emplacement of anti-aircraft defence on the upper platform of the tower. Since 1980 it has been used as a base to provide support for Changing the Guards ceremony at the Eternal Fire on the territory of the Kremlin. Ivanovskaya tower was the main entrance and the center of the lowland part of the Kremlin. It was called in honour of the near standing Saint John the Baptist Church. This tower became famous after the emergency volunteer corps of Nizhny Novgorod headed by Minin and Pozharsky started their march to set it free from the Polish invaders in 1612. In memory of this historical event a permanent exposition was opened in the tower in 2004. Belaya (White) tower is called so as it was made of white stone. Zachatievskaya tower was destroyed because of landslides. It got its name after the near standing Zachatievsky convent. There is a project of its reconstruction. Borisoglebskaya tower is the copy of the ancient tower dismantled in the years 1785-1795. It got its name after Boris and Gleb Church. Georgievskaya tower was called after St. George. During the repair works in the XVII century the entrance gates were blocked up with brick. During the Soviet years the tower was used as a warehouse. Porokhovaya (Gunpowder) tower was called so as it stored gunpowder in its cellars. It is not used nowadays.
A memorial plaque to commemorate the military units formed on the Nizhegorodskaya land during the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) is mantled on the outer side of the wall connecting it to Dmitrievskaya tower. Michael Archangel Cathedral is the most ancient construction on the territory of the Kremlin that has been preserved till nowadays. It’s a remarkable specimen of old Russian architecture. It was built in the years 1628-1631 on the place where in 1221 (the year when Nizhny Novgorod was founded) a wooden church in the name of Michael Archangel was founded. There is the Tomb of Kozma Minin – the organized and the leader of Russian people emergency volunteer corps of 1611-1612. Now the Cathedral is a functioning Russian Orthodox church. Administrative Building. Cadet Corps. In 1785 two-stored buildings were constructed in accordance with the project by Ananjin (Rastrelly’s disciple). Later they were reconstructed and in 1840 the building got its present look. Here in 1840 in the family of a teacher from Cadet Corp was born a famous Russian pilot P.N. Nesterov. At present the building houses the Legislative Assembly of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’, administrative buildings and the State Academic Philharmonic Society named after M.L. Rostropovich.
The vice-governor’s houses is a splendid specimen of a gala administrative building of the end of the XVIII-th century. It is one of the main constructions forming the administrative complex of the Kremlin. It was built in the years 1786-1788. The house underwent repair works several times; as a result it was partially modified. At present it houses the Arbitrage Court of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’. The building of the Kremlin Police Unite was constructed several times. It housed the City Telephone Exchange. Since 1994 the Federal Treasure Administration in Nizhegorodskaya oblast’. An extension was added to the building. The building of the Arsenal was built in the years 1838-1843. During its entire existence it was used as a storage of ammunition. Since 2003 it holds the State Center of Modern Art.
The manage was built in 1841. training of horses and military parades were held here. In the years 1901,1902,1903 and 1904 Maxim Gorky organized here famous New Year’s celebrations for poor children. After the Revolution the building was used as a tram depot, later it stored garages and warehouses. A project of its reconstruction has been developed.
The garnison barracks were built in the years of their existence they housed military units.
The seat of the regional committee of the C.P.S.U. (The Communist Party of the years 1974-1976. It is a specimen of rationalism in Soviet architecture of the 1960-70-s. It imitates the Kremlin Palace of Conventions in Moscow. A present it’s the home for the representative office of the president of the Russian Federation in the Volga area and the Administration of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’. The House of Soviets became one of the first large public buildings constructed under the Soviet regime in our city in the years 1929-1931. When preparing the building site a decision was made to demolish the Saviour Transfiguration Cathedral as well as the guardhouse at the military governor’s house. This building is a typical specimen of constructivism in architecture: it consist of two intersecting four-storeyed buildings a cylindrical “cockpit”, due to which the building resembles an airplane. Since the time when it was built it has been the seat of the municipal authorities.
The palace of the military governor was built in 1841. After the revolution it housed the headquarters of the Kommunist party and the Komsomol. Since 1991 the palace is occupied by the Nizhegorodsky State arts Museum which has a richest collection of painting, graphic arts and sculpture. The obelisk in honour of Kozma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky is the oldest monument in Nizhny Novgorod which was built to commemorate the organizers of the Russian people emergency volunteer corps of 1612. The monument was erected in 1828. The architect is A.I. Melnikov, the sculptor is A.P. Martos (the author of the monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square). The copy of the monument was established in Nizhny Novgorod in 2004 in Narodnogo Edinstva square.
The memorial complex dedicated to Gorkovites who heroically perished during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) was opened in 1965. The complex consists of granite walls with inscriptions, a tall stele with a bas-relief and names of perished Nizhny Novgorod citizens on it, and also a granite slab with the Eternal Fire. On the 9-th of May, 1970 a T-34 tank was added to the complex. The memorial “Gorkovites supporting the Army” was opened in the 1975 as a constantly working exhibition of ammunition produced in Gorky during the World War II: the famous tank T-34 built in Sormovo, armoured cars, guns, self-propelled guns, mortars, the legendary “Katusha” and Red Star planes. An obelisk with a figure of George the Victory Bearer, horse-mounted and striking the Serpent, as a symbol of the victories of Russian army was established in 1985.
The Noble Deference Cross near the House of Soviets was inaugurated on the Day of May, 1994, on the Day of Slavonic Character and culture. It is the day of the memory of the first Slavonic teachers, Saint Apostles Cirill and Mephodiy.
The monument to the founder of Nizhny Novgorod, Prince Georgiy Vsevolodovich, and his spiritual mentor Saint Simon, the first bishop of Vladimir and Suzdal (sculptor V. Purikhov) was opened on February, 26, 2008 within the celebration of the 500-th anniversary of Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin.
At present a big project of a new House of Government of Nizhny Novgorod region has been launched. In is designed as a complex including old, reconstructed buildings on the territory of the Kremlin and the new edifice. Towers:1. Dmitrievskaya. 2. Kladovaya (Storage). 3. Nikolskaya. 4. Koromyslova (Yoke). 5. Tainitskaya (Secret). 6. Severnaya (North). 7. Chasovaya (Clock). 8. Ivanovskaya. 9. Belaya (White). 10. Zachatievskaya. 11. Borisoglebskaya. 12. Georgievskaya. 13. Porokhovaya (Gunpowder). 14. Archangel Cathedral. 15. A work-place’s building. (Cadet Corps). 16. The vice-governor’s houses. 17. The building of the Kremlin Police Unite. 18. The garnison baracks. 19. The obelisk in honour of Kozma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky. 20. The palace of the military governor. 21. The building of the Arsenal. 22. The manege. 23. The House of Soviets. 24. The memorial complex. 25. The memorial “Gorkovites supporting the Army”. 26. The seat of the regional committee of the C.P.S.U. 27. House of Goverment of Nizhny Novgorod region under construction. 28. The Noble Deference Cross. 29. The monument to the founder of Nizhny Novgorod, Prince Georgiy Vsevolodovich, and his spiritual mentor Saint Simon.
Назад
Read the text:
The City of Nizhny Novgorod
The city of Nizhny Novgorod was founded in 1221 by Yuri Vsevolodovich. It was situated at the place where the Oka falls into the Volga. The geographical position helped the city to develop and grow. By the beginning of the 20-th century it had become a big merchant town with numerous churches, schools, several manufacturing firms. Nizhny Novgorod housed an internationally known fair which was visited by many Russian and foreign tradesmen and manufacturers. The city’s industry started changing since the 30-s.
The decision of Soviet Government to build the first automobile plant in Gorky?? was of great importance for the development of the city. The city in which there were only six automobiles in 1913 has become the centre of the country’s motorcar industry.
Now it is a large industrial and cultural centre with more than a million population. There are many theatres in Nizhny: an opera house, a comedy, a play house, a theatre for young spectators, a puppet show, there is a conservatory, a philharmonic, a palace of sports, a circus, to say nothing of numerous cinemas, clubs, palaces of culture, libraries, which are at the disposal of people.
Nizhny Novgorod is a city of students. There are a lot of schools, technical schools, higher schools.
The city has changed and is still changing. Old houses are pulled down and replaced by new ones. Many multi-storeyed houses have been built and are being built in the centre and on the outskirts. They offer people all modern conveniences. There are new districts with wide straight streets and avenues.
Large squares, buildings, parks, bridges and embankments decorate the city. Volga embankment is especially beautiful.
There are many sights, historical buildings, places worth seeing in Nizhny Novgorod: Kashirin’s cottage, the Kremlin, the Art Museum and others.
Numerous monuments decorate the city, among them the monument to Gorky, Chkalov, Minin. The inhabitants of the city are proud of the outstanding people who were born here: Gorky, Lobachevsky, Balakirev and some others.
Nizhny Novgorod is visited by tourists who like to go sightseeing and can’t help admiring the city which looks very picturesque indeed from the Volga and the Oka.
In 1939 Nizhny Novgorod was renamed Gorky after the great Russian writer Maxim Gorky. In 1990 the city got back its former name.
Notes on the Text:
to be founded; to found – to start the building of, establish
merchant (n) – a trader; merchant (adj) – commercial
numerous (a) – many
fair (n) – market held periodically
plant (n) – factory, works
embankment (n) – roadway supported by a mound of earth to hold back water
picturesque (adj) – being fit to be the subject of a painting
Vocabulary Practice
Pronounce the following words with the correct stress.
industrial, picturesque, monument, decorate, embankment, conservatory, philharmonic.
Give derivatives of:
industry –
commerce –
geography –
decide –
tour –
picture –
develop –
important –
build –
Say what words the following ones were derived from. Explain their meaning.
founder, manufacturer, central, embankment, sightseeing, inhabitants, architectural.
Supply the missing prepositions and adverbs where necessary.
The city of Moscow was founded … 1147 … Yuri Dolgoruky. 2. Nizhny Novgorod is situated … the place where the Oka falls … the Volga. 3. … the beginning of the XX-th century Nizhny had become a large merchant centre. 4. The decision …
Peter I to build a new city on the Neva was … great importance … the development … Russia. 5. … the centre … Moscow you can see the monument to Yuri Dolgoruky, the founder … Moscow. 6. There are numerous … palaces, libraries and theatres … the disposal … the people … in the city. 7. Tourists can’t help admiring … the wonderful collections of the Hermitage.
Oral Practice
Read the text once again and answer the following questions.
When was the city of Nizhny Novgorod founded?
Who was it founded by?
Where is it situated?
Why was the city important for Russian history?
What was the city like at the beginning of the 20-th century?
What kind of city is Nizhny Novgorod now?
What was of great importance for the development of the city?
Why is the city visited by many tourists?
Why can Nizhny Novgorod be called a large educational centre?
Make up a list of word combinations and words to be used in compiling a reference note about your home town for a tourists’ book in English.
Retell the text.
Как составить вопросительное предложения из Jack is seven
Помогите пожалуйста по математике а) 4 целые 5/16-1 целые 3/8 б) 8 целые 6/25-3 целых 4/5 в) 12 ??елых 2/15-2 целых 1/5 г)18 целых 14/45-1 целае 7/15 д) 27
целых 2/39-6 целых 5/13 е) 23 целых 9/34-2 целые 7/17
Помогите, пожалуйста, решить уравнения.
7(4-3b)-(8-b)+3(b-8)+4=0 и
10-2(3x+5)-4(x-2)=0
Сколько дециметровв 8километрах
Подберите к глаголам подходящие по смыслу отрицательные местоимения и запиши словосочетания.
не спрашивал……………..,не создавал…………….,не сомневался……………..,не обижал……………..
Помогите!
Нужно написать любую смешную семейную ситуацию. Не знаю, что писать, поэтому прошу о помощи. Это срочно, ребята!
Предложение со словами went bed yesterday to she early
2. На клубе растут 8 гвоздик. Салтанат срезал 5 гвоздик. Сколько гвоздик осталось на клумб?
3. Ермек раскрасить 5 игрушек, а Алеша на 3 больше. Сколько игрушек раскрасил Алёша?
ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА С ЗАДАЧЕЙ
В читательском зале библиотеки 24 человека,средний возраст равен 21 году. Когда из зала вышел один человек, средний возраст оставшихся стал равным 20 годам. Сколько лет человеку, вышедшемуиз зала?
Составить и напимать небольшой рассказ о бескорыстном поступке
Нижний Новгород – город, прошедший через многое, с очень интересным происхождением и знаменитыми людьми. Мне кажется, символичным посвящать один день в году и отмечать праздник «День города», который приходит к нам в этом году девятого сентября.
Нижний Новгород был основан в тысяча двести двадцать первом году на устье Оки и в низовьях Волги. С течением времени наш край менялся, становился всё более и более развитым. Строились железные дороги, развивалось производство и ремесло, росла торговля, сооружались новые здания и жилые дома. А сколько известных и талантливых людей проживало в Нижнем Новгороде!
Вспомним Нижегородское ополчение и его руководителей князя Дмитрия Пожарского и Кузьму Минина. Как мужественно они сражались за родной город, отстояв его!
В нашем городе жил великий русский писатель и общественный деятель Максим Горький. Он был автором замечательных произведений, которые остаются известными и до сих пор.
Нижегородцы гордятся, что в нашем крае жил народный артист театра и кино Евгений Александрович Евстигнеев, который остаётся любимым многими зрителями за свои необычайные роли.
Наш город славен тем, что в нём жил Николай Иванович Лобачевский – математик, создатель неевклидовой геометрии. В его честь назван самый крупный университет Нижнего Новгорода.
Эти люди все родом из нашего края. Мы должны этим гордиться!
А Нижегородский Кремль- это самый главный культурный и оборонительный центр. Здесь основаны музеи и выставки, лавки с сувенирами. Именно в этом месте отмечается главный праздник нашего края – «День города». Массовые гулянья, воздушные шары и украшения, выступления популярных артистов, праздничный салют- всё это является атрибутами этого дня.
Администрация края каждый год выделяет специальные средства на благоустройство. К празднованию Дня города жители стараются приурочить сдачу новых зданий, сооружений, работы по благоустройству города, закончить капитальные ремонты больниц, школ и детских садов. Поэтому с каждым годом Нижний Новгород становится всё краше и краше.
Праздник «День города» действительно стал для нижегородцев хорошей традицией нового времени.
“Я шагаю по проспекту, по ночному городу…” – “Танцы Минус”
Не буду, да и особо никого не хочу обманывать, если скажу, что Нижний Новгород является для меня “городом-наркотиком”. Да, да, именно тем “наркотиком”,
употребляя, вкушая, наслаждаясь (как хотите еще называйте) который, хочется жить, парить, достигать вершин. Да, Нижний – город, в котором я родился, рос,
получал воспитание, учился, развивался. Хотя, постойте! Я и до сих пор продолжаю учиться в нем жизни, развитие мое здесь не прекращается ни на секунду. Этот
неповторимый город, расположенный в центре Восточно-Европейской равнины, на месте слияния матушки-реки “Волги” и ее крупнейшего правого притока в лице
реки “Оки” день ото дня влюбляет в себя десятки и сотни тысяч людей. Я, разумеется, не исключение. Как и подобает любому крупному российскому городу, а
Нижний Новгород, безусловно, является таковым (с населением почти в 1,3 миллиона человек), город славится площадями, проспектами, историческим местами,
бульварами, скверами, развитой инфраструктурой, торговыми центрами и многим другим.
Что касается истории города, то она настоль велика, обширна и многопластна, что не хватит и целой жизни, чтобы о ней поведать. В 2013 году город отпразднует
свой 792 по счету день рождения. А это не так, уж, и мало.
Сегодня Нижний представляет собой контраст “старого и нового”. Старые деревянные, сохранившийся дома конца 19-начала 20 века, ярко контрастируют на фоне
многоэтажных высоток. Да, таких домов с каждым годом становится меньше, но они все-таки есть.
Прогуливаясь по улице Советской, перед тобой предстает “Нижегородская ярмарка” – главный центр и символ торговли. Столетиями сюда съезжались купцы с
разных уголков страны. Здесь кипела торговля. Если пройти чуть дальше, к улице “Стрелка”, то во всей красе предстает “Собор Александра Невского”.
Ох, а до чего же прекрасные виды предстают перед человеком, оказавшемся, например, в парке “Швейцария”. Нижняя часть города предстает как на ладони.
Нельзя не сказать пару теплых слов и о Набережной Федоровского и улице Рождественской, по которым столь прекрасно прогуливаться в солнечный день.
Как известно, в каждом городе есть свои главные улицы. Например, в Москве можно вспомнить “Старый Арбат”, в Санкт-Петербурге – “Невский проспект”. В моем же
городе, особым неповторимым шармом и гротеском обладает центральная улица – “Большая Покровская”, на которой с одной стороны можно встретить большое число
кафе, ресторанов, бутиков, а на другой старинное здание Центрального банка Российской Федерации по Нижегородской области, не менее исторический Дом
Культуры имени Свердлова, не менее уникальный по красоте Нижегородский государственный академический театр драмы имени Максима Горького,
филологический и финансовые факультеты ННГУ имени Лобачевского.
Нижний Новгород славит Автозаводский район, по численности равный небольшому среднему городу, Канавинский район, в котором я, кстати, родился и живу, с его
микрорайонами – “Гордеевка”, “Сортировочный”, “Мещера”, “Шпальный”, чудесный Сормовский район с его вечно зеленым парком, Нижегородский, в котором
располагается Кремль, здание консерватории, канатная дорога.
Несмотря на то, что мой город продолжает развиваться, работы по развитию предстоит еще очень много. Я рад, что к футбольному мировому первенству 2018 года
здесь построят новый футбольный стадион, гостиницы, дороги, вокзалы. Надеюсь, что новые линии метро не заставят себя долго ждать.
Кроме того, мне очень приятно, что Нижний Новгород подарил стране таких известных людей как математика Лобачевского Николая Ивановича, механика-самоучку,
изобретателя Кулибина Иван Петровича, организатора Нижегородского ополчения 1611-1612 годов Козьму Минина, пианиста Владимира Ашкенази, музыкантов
братьев Владимира и Сергея Кристовских, актера Евгения Евстигнеева, олимпийскую чемпионку Наталью Садову и многих других выдающихся личностей.
Знаете, где бы я ни был, чем бы ни занимался, я всегда буду помнить о своем городе, я всегда с огромным нетерпением буду мчаться сюда. Нижний Новгород – в
моем сердце!
“…Надо спешить, чтобы однажды снова вернуться сюда…” – “Браво”
THE KREMLIN OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD
The Kremlin of Nizhny Novgorod (built in the years 1500-1511) was an important military fortification of its time The total perimeter of the walls is 2045 m, its surface is 22,7 ha (compare: the Moscow Kremlin 2250 m and 27,5 respectively). The Kremlin was built with the participation of Russian and Italian craftsmen. The Kremlin was restored in the middle of the XX-th century under the supervision of Svaytoslav Agafonov. At present the towers and the walls of the Kremlin are under the jurisdiction of History and Architecture Museum. The Kremlin of Nizhny Novgorod is the administrative center of the Volga region, of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’ and of Nizhny Novgorod itself.
Dmitrievskaya tower was the main entrance to the Kremlin and besides was initially the upland center of defence. The tower got its name from Dmitry Solunsky church. As a reserve of History and Architecture Museum it hosts various exhibitions. In 1993 the image of the founder of Nizhny Novgorod – the Great Prince Yury Vsevolodovich – was installed in the icon niche on the outer part of the tower above the entrance.
Kladovaya (Storage) tower was used as armoury, the place where weapons were stored (that’s where the name comes from). Now there is a bar in the tower which has the same name “Kladovaya tower”. This is the starting point of an excursion around the Kremlin walls (as far as Chasovaya tower).
Nikolskaya tower got its name from Verhneposadskaya Nikolskaya church, which stood in Bolshaya Pokrovskaya Street. The tower belonged to military department and was used as a warehouse.
Koromyslova (Yoke) tower. There is a poetic legend about how the tower got its name. This legend is about a girl who killed a lot of enemies using a yoke. She was buried with all honours under the basement of the tower. The other version of how the tower got its name says that the tower together with the adjacent walls resembles a woman with a yoke.
Tainitskaya (Secret) tower was called so because it had a secret underground passage which led to the Pochaina River. In 1941-1942 antiaircraft guns were mantled on the upper platform of the tower.
Severnaya (North) tower is called so because it is situated to the north of Tainitskaya tower. This tower as well as Chasovaya tower was planned to be reconstructed and used as the residence for VIPs visiting our city (this plan was not realized). During the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) there was a weapon emplacement of anti-aircraft defence on the upper platform of the tower.
Chasovaya (Clock) tower was called so because it housed the main tower clock. During the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) there was a weapon emplacement of anti-aircraft defence on the upper platform of the tower. Since 1980 it has been used as a base to provide support for Changing the Guards ceremony at the Eternal Fire on the territory of the Kremlin.
Ivanovskaya tower was the main entrance and the center of the lowland part of the Kremlin. It was called in honour of the near standing Saint John the Baptist Church. This tower became famous after the emergency volunteer corps of Nizhny Novgorod headed by Minin and Pozharsky started their march to set it free from the Polish invaders in 1612. In memory of this historical event a permanent exposition was opened in the tower in 2004.
Belaya (White) tower is called so as it was made of white stone.
Zachatievskaya tower was destroyed because of landslides. It got its name after the near standing Zachatievsky convent. There is a project of its reconstruction.
Borisoglebskaya tower is the copy of the ancient tower dismantled in the years 1785-1795. It got its name after Boris and Gleb Church.
Georgievskaya tower was called after St. George. During the repair works in the XVII century the entrance gates were blocked up with brick. During the Soviet years the tower was used as a warehouse.
Porokhovaya (Gunpowder) tower was called so as it stored gunpowder in its cellars. It is not used nowadays.
A memorial plaque to commemorate the military units formed on the Nizhegorodskaya land during the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) is mantled on the outer side of the wall connecting it to Dmitrievskaya tower.
Michael Archangel Cathedral is the most ancient construction on the territory of the Kremlin that has been preserved till nowadays. It’s a remarkable specimen of old Russian architecture. It was built in the years 1628-1631 on the place where in 1221 (the year when Nizhny Novgorod was founded) a wooden church in the name of Michael Archangel was founded. There is the Tomb of Kozma Minin – the organized and the leader of Russian people emergency volunteer corps of 1611-1612. Now the Cathedral is a functioning Russian Orthodox church.
Administrative Building. Cadet Corps. In 1785 two-stored buildings were constructed in accordance with the project by Ananjin (Rastrelly’s disciple). Later they were reconstructed and in 1840 the building got its present look. Here in 1840 in the family of a teacher from Cadet Corp was born a famous Russian pilot P.N. Nesterov. At present the building houses the Legislative Assembly of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’, administrative buildings and the State Academic Philharmonic Society named after M.L. Rostropovich.
The vice-governor’s houses is a splendid specimen of a gala administrative building of the end of the XVIII-th century. It is one of the main constructions forming the administrative complex of the Kremlin. It was built in the years 1786-1788. The house underwent repair works several times; as a result it was partially modified. At present it houses the Arbitrage Court of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’. The building of the Kremlin Police Unite was constructed several times. It housed the City Telephone Exchange. Since 1994 the Federal Treasure Administration in Nizhegorodskaya oblast’. An extension was added to the building.
The building of the Arsenal was built in the years 1838-1843. During its entire existence it was used as a storage of ammunition. Since 2003 it holds the State Center of Modern Art.
The manage was built in 1841. training of horses and military parades were held here. In the years 1901,1902,1903 and 1904 Maxim Gorky organized here famous New Year’s celebrations for poor children. After the Revolution the building was used as a tram depot, later it stored garages and warehouses. A project of its reconstruction has been developed.
The garnison barracks were built in the years of their existence they housed military units.
The seat of the regional committee of the C.P.S.U. (The Communist Party of the years 1974-1976. It is a specimen of rationalism in Soviet architecture of the 1960-70-s. It imitates the Kremlin Palace of Conventions in Moscow. A present it’s the home for the representative office of the president of the Russian Federation in the Volga area and the Administration of Nizhegorodskaya oblast’.
The House of Soviets became one of the first large public buildings constructed under the Soviet regime in our city in the years 1929-1931. When preparing the building site a decision was made to demolish the Saviour Transfiguration Cathedral as well as the guardhouse at the military governor’s house. This building is a typical specimen of constructivism in architecture: it consist of two intersecting four-storeyed buildings a cylindrical “cockpit”, due to which the building resembles an airplane. Since the time when it was built it has been the seat of the municipal authorities.
The palace of the military governor was built in 1841. After the revolution it housed the headquarters of the Kommunist party and the Komsomol. Since 1991 the palace is occupied by the Nizhegorodsky State arts Museum which has a richest collection of painting, graphic arts and sculpture.
The obelisk in honour of Kozma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky is the oldest monument in Nizhny Novgorod which was built to commemorate the organizers of the Russian people emergency volunteer corps of 1612. The monument was erected in 1828. The architect is A.I. Melnikov, the sculptor is A.P. Martos (the author of the monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square). The copy of the monument was established in Nizhny Novgorod in 2004 in Narodnogo Edinstva square.
The memorial complex dedicated to Gorkovites who heroically perished during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) was opened in 1965. The complex consists of granite walls with inscriptions, a tall stele with a bas-relief and names of perished Nizhny Novgorod citizens on it, and also a granite slab with the Eternal Fire. On the 9-th of May, 1970 a T-34 tank was added to the complex.
The memorial “Gorkovites supporting the Army” was opened in the 1975 as a constantly working exhibition of ammunition produced in Gorky during the World War II: the famous tank T-34 built in Sormovo, armoured cars, guns, self-propelled guns, mortars, the legendary “Katusha” and Red Star planes. An obelisk with a figure of George the Victory Bearer, horse-mounted and striking the Serpent, as a symbol of the victories of Russian army was established in 1985.
The Noble Deference Cross near the House of Soviets was inaugurated on the Day of May, 1994, on the Day of Slavonic Character and culture. It is the day of the memory of the first Slavonic teachers, Saint Apostles Cirill and Mephodiy.
The monument to the founder of Nizhny Novgorod, Prince Georgiy Vsevolodovich, and his spiritual mentor Saint Simon, the first bishop of Vladimir and Suzdal (sculptor V. Purikhov) was opened on February, 26, 2008 within the celebration of the 500-th anniversary of Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin.
At present a big project of a new House of Government of Nizhny Novgorod region has been launched. In is designed as a complex including old, reconstructed buildings on the territory of the Kremlin and the new edifice.
Towers: 1. Dmitrievskaya. 2. Kladovaya (Storage). 3. Nikolskaya. 4. Koromyslova (Yoke). 5. Tainitskaya (Secret). 6. Severnaya (North). 7. Chasovaya (Clock). 8. Ivanovskaya. 9. Belaya (White). 10. Zachatievskaya. 11. Borisoglebskaya. 12. Georgievskaya. 13. Porokhovaya (Gunpowder). 14. Archangel Cathedral. 15. A work-place’s building. (Cadet Corps). 16. The vice-governor’s houses. 17. The building of the Kremlin Police Unite. 18. The garnison baracks. 19. The obelisk in honour of Kozma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky. 20. The palace of the military governor. 21. The building of the Arsenal. 22. The manege. 23. The House of Soviets. 24. The memorial complex. 25. The memorial “Gorkovites supporting the Army”. 26. The seat of the regional committee of the C.P.S.U. 27. House of Goverment of Nizhny Novgorod region under construction. 28. The Noble Deference Cross. 29. The monument to the founder of Nizhny Novgorod, Prince Georgiy Vsevolodovich, and his spiritual mentor Saint Simon.
Назад
Read the text:
The City of Nizhny Novgorod
The city of Nizhny Novgorod was founded in 1221 by Yuri Vsevolodovich. It was situated at the place where the Oka falls into the Volga. The geographical position helped the city to develop and grow. By the beginning of the 20-th century it had become a big merchant town with numerous churches, schools, several manufacturing firms. Nizhny Novgorod housed an internationally known fair which was visited by many Russian and foreign tradesmen and manufacturers. The city’s industry started changing since the 30-s.
The decision of Soviet Government to build the first automobile plant in Gorky?? was of great importance for the development of the city. The city in which there were only six automobiles in 1913 has become the centre of the country’s motorcar industry.
Now it is a large industrial and cultural centre with more than a million population. There are many theatres in Nizhny: an opera house, a comedy, a play house, a theatre for young spectators, a puppet show, there is a conservatory, a philharmonic, a palace of sports, a circus, to say nothing of numerous cinemas, clubs, palaces of culture, libraries, which are at the disposal of people.
Nizhny Novgorod is a city of students. There are a lot of schools, technical schools, higher schools.
The city has changed and is still changing. Old houses are pulled down and replaced by new ones. Many multi-storeyed houses have been built and are being built in the centre and on the outskirts. They offer people all modern conveniences. There are new districts with wide straight streets and avenues.
Large squares, buildings, parks, bridges and embankments decorate the city. Volga embankment is especially beautiful.
There are many sights, historical buildings, places worth seeing in Nizhny Novgorod: Kashirin’s cottage, the Kremlin, the Art Museum and others.
Numerous monuments decorate the city, among them the monument to Gorky, Chkalov, Minin. The inhabitants of the city are proud of the outstanding people who were born here: Gorky, Lobachevsky, Balakirev and some others.
Nizhny Novgorod is visited by tourists who like to go sightseeing and can’t help admiring the city which looks very picturesque indeed from the Volga and the Oka.
In 1939 Nizhny Novgorod was renamed Gorky after the great Russian writer Maxim Gorky. In 1990 the city got back its former name.
Notes on the Text:
to be founded; to found – to start the building of, establish
merchant (n) – a trader; merchant (adj) – commercial
numerous (a) – many
fair (n) – market held periodically
plant (n) – factory, works
embankment (n) – roadway supported by a mound of earth to hold back water
picturesque (adj) – being fit to be the subject of a painting
Vocabulary Practice
Pronounce the following words with the correct stress.
industrial, picturesque, monument, decorate, embankment, conservatory, philharmonic.
Give derivatives of:
industry –
commerce –
geography –
decide –
tour –
picture –
develop –
important –
build –
Say what words the following ones were derived from. Explain their meaning.
founder, manufacturer, central, embankment, sightseeing, inhabitants, architectural.
Supply the missing prepositions and adverbs where necessary.
The city of Moscow was founded … 1147 … Yuri Dolgoruky. 2. Nizhny Novgorod is situated … the place where the Oka falls … the Volga. 3. … the beginning of the XX-th century Nizhny had become a large merchant centre. 4. The decision …
Peter I to build a new city on the Neva was … great importance … the development … Russia. 5. … the centre … Moscow you can see the monument to Yuri Dolgoruky, the founder … Moscow. 6. There are numerous … palaces, libraries and theatres … the disposal … the people … in the city. 7. Tourists can’t help admiring … the wonderful collections of the Hermitage.
Oral Practice
Read the text once again and answer the following questions.
When was the city of Nizhny Novgorod founded?
Who was it founded by?
Where is it situated?
Why was the city important for Russian history?
What was the city like at the beginning of the 20-th century?
What kind of city is Nizhny Novgorod now?
What was of great importance for the development of the city?
Why is the city visited by many tourists?
Why can Nizhny Novgorod be called a large educational centre?
Make up a list of word combinations and words to be used in compiling a reference note about your home town for a tourists’ book in English.
Retell the text.
Как составить вопросительное предложения из Jack is seven
Помогите пожалуйста по математике а) 4 целые 5/16-1 целые 3/8 б) 8 целые 6/25-3 целых 4/5 в) 12 ??елых 2/15-2 целых 1/5 г)18 целых 14/45-1 целае 7/15 д) 27
целых 2/39-6 целых 5/13 е) 23 целых 9/34-2 целые 7/17
Помогите, пожалуйста, решить уравнения.
7(4-3b)-(8-b)+3(b-8)+4=0 и
10-2(3x+5)-4(x-2)=0
Сколько дециметровв 8километрах
Подберите к глаголам подходящие по смыслу отрицательные местоимения и запиши словосочетания.
не спрашивал……………..,не создавал…………….,не сомневался……………..,не обижал……………..
Помогите!
Нужно написать любую смешную семейную ситуацию. Не знаю, что писать, поэтому прошу о помощи. Это срочно, ребята!
Предложение со словами went bed yesterday to she early
2. На клубе растут 8 гвоздик. Салтанат срезал 5 гвоздик. Сколько гвоздик осталось на клумб?
3. Ермек раскрасить 5 игрушек, а Алеша на 3 больше. Сколько игрушек раскрасил Алёша?
ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА С ЗАДАЧЕЙ
В читательском зале библиотеки 24 человека,средний возраст равен 21 году. Когда из зала вышел один человек, средний возраст оставшихся стал равным 20 годам. Сколько лет человеку, вышедшемуиз зала?
Составить и напимать небольшой рассказ о бескорыстном поступке
Нижний Новгород – город, прошедший через многое, с очень интересным происхождением и знаменитыми людьми. Мне кажется, символичным посвящать один день в году и отмечать праздник «День города», который приходит к нам в этом году девятого сентября.
Нижний Новгород был основан в тысяча двести двадцать первом году на устье Оки и в низовьях Волги. С течением времени наш край менялся, становился всё более и более развитым. Строились железные дороги, развивалось производство и ремесло, росла торговля, сооружались новые здания и жилые дома. А сколько известных и талантливых людей проживало в Нижнем Новгороде!
Вспомним Нижегородское ополчение и его руководителей князя Дмитрия Пожарского и Кузьму Минина. Как мужественно они сражались за родной город, отстояв его!
В нашем городе жил великий русский писатель и общественный деятель Максим Горький. Он был автором замечательных произведений, которые остаются известными и до сих пор.
Нижегородцы гордятся, что в нашем крае жил народный артист театра и кино Евгений Александрович Евстигнеев, который остаётся любимым многими зрителями за свои необычайные роли.
Наш город славен тем, что в нём жил Николай Иванович Лобачевский – математик, создатель неевклидовой геометрии. В его честь назван самый крупный университет Нижнего Новгорода.
Эти люди все родом из нашего края. Мы должны этим гордиться!
А Нижегородский Кремль- это самый главный культурный и оборонительный центр. Здесь основаны музеи и выставки, лавки с сувенирами. Именно в этом месте отмечается главный праздник нашего края – «День города». Массовые гулянья, воздушные шары и украшения, выступления популярных артистов, праздничный салют- всё это является атрибутами этого дня.
Администрация края каждый год выделяет специальные средства на благоустройство. К празднованию Дня города жители стараются приурочить сдачу новых зданий, сооружений, работы по благоустройству города, закончить капитальные ремонты больниц, школ и детских садов. Поэтому с каждым годом Нижний Новгород становится всё краше и краше.
Праздник «День города» действительно стал для нижегородцев хорошей традицией нового времени.
“Я шагаю по проспекту, по ночному городу…” – “Танцы Минус”
Не буду, да и особо никого не хочу обманывать, если скажу, что Нижний Новгород является для меня “городом-наркотиком”. Да, да, именно тем “наркотиком”,
употребляя, вкушая, наслаждаясь (как хотите еще называйте) который, хочется жить, парить, достигать вершин. Да, Нижний – город, в котором я родился, рос,
получал воспитание, учился, развивался. Хотя, постойте! Я и до сих пор продолжаю учиться в нем жизни, развитие мое здесь не прекращается ни на секунду. Этот
неповторимый город, расположенный в центре Восточно-Европейской равнины, на месте слияния матушки-реки “Волги” и ее крупнейшего правого притока в лице
реки “Оки” день ото дня влюбляет в себя десятки и сотни тысяч людей. Я, разумеется, не исключение. Как и подобает любому крупному российскому городу, а
Нижний Новгород, безусловно, является таковым (с населением почти в 1,3 миллиона человек), город славится площадями, проспектами, историческим местами,
бульварами, скверами, развитой инфраструктурой, торговыми центрами и многим другим.
Что касается истории города, то она настоль велика, обширна и многопластна, что не хватит и целой жизни, чтобы о ней поведать. В 2013 году город отпразднует
свой 792 по счету день рождения. А это не так, уж, и мало.
Сегодня Нижний представляет собой контраст “старого и нового”. Старые деревянные, сохранившийся дома конца 19-начала 20 века, ярко контрастируют на фоне
многоэтажных высоток. Да, таких домов с каждым годом становится меньше, но они все-таки есть.
Прогуливаясь по улице Советской, перед тобой предстает “Нижегородская ярмарка” – главный центр и символ торговли. Столетиями сюда съезжались купцы с
разных уголков страны. Здесь кипела торговля. Если пройти чуть дальше, к улице “Стрелка”, то во всей красе предстает “Собор Александра Невского”.
Ох, а до чего же прекрасные виды предстают перед человеком, оказавшемся, например, в парке “Швейцария”. Нижняя часть города предстает как на ладони.
Нельзя не сказать пару теплых слов и о Набережной Федоровского и улице Рождественской, по которым столь прекрасно прогуливаться в солнечный день.
Как известно, в каждом городе есть свои главные улицы. Например, в Москве можно вспомнить “Старый Арбат”, в Санкт-Петербурге – “Невский проспект”. В моем же
городе, особым неповторимым шармом и гротеском обладает центральная улица – “Большая Покровская”, на которой с одной стороны можно встретить большое число
кафе, ресторанов, бутиков, а на другой старинное здание Центрального банка Российской Федерации по Нижегородской области, не менее исторический Дом
Культуры имени Свердлова, не менее уникальный по красоте Нижегородский государственный академический театр драмы имени Максима Горького,
филологический и финансовые факультеты ННГУ имени Лобачевского.
Нижний Новгород славит Автозаводский район, по численности равный небольшому среднему городу, Канавинский район, в котором я, кстати, родился и живу, с его
микрорайонами – “Гордеевка”, “Сортировочный”, “Мещера”, “Шпальный”, чудесный Сормовский район с его вечно зеленым парком, Нижегородский, в котором
располагается Кремль, здание консерватории, канатная дорога.
Несмотря на то, что мой город продолжает развиваться, работы по развитию предстоит еще очень много. Я рад, что к футбольному мировому первенству 2018 года
здесь построят новый футбольный стадион, гостиницы, дороги, вокзалы. Надеюсь, что новые линии метро не заставят себя долго ждать.
Кроме того, мне очень приятно, что Нижний Новгород подарил стране таких известных людей как математика Лобачевского Николая Ивановича, механика-самоучку,
изобретателя Кулибина Иван Петровича, организатора Нижегородского ополчения 1611-1612 годов Козьму Минина, пианиста Владимира Ашкенази, музыкантов
братьев Владимира и Сергея Кристовских, актера Евгения Евстигнеева, олимпийскую чемпионку Наталью Садову и многих других выдающихся личностей.
Знаете, где бы я ни был, чем бы ни занимался, я всегда буду помнить о своем городе, я всегда с огромным нетерпением буду мчаться сюда. Нижний Новгород – в
моем сердце!
“…Надо спешить, чтобы однажды снова вернуться сюда…” – “Браво”