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Uzbekistan is the land of ancient culture. At the present time more than 200,000 tourists almost from 80 countries visit Uzbekistan every year. They want to see the remarkable monuments of the past in Bukhara, Samarkand, Khiva, Tashkent.
Bukhara is one of the ancient towns of Uzbekistan. The period of its existence is more than 2000 years. This period was noted for the development of craft, trade, literature, science and art. The outstanding poets Firdousi and Rudaki, the famous scholar Abu-Ali Ibn-Sina (Avicenna) and many others lived and worked there. Numerous mosques, madrasahs and mausoleums survived in Bukhara to the present time. Its masterpieces of architecture are the mausoleum of Ismail Samani, the Kalyan minaret, the madrasah of Ulugbek and others. They are famous not on ly in our country but abroad too. One more ancient town of Uzbekistan-Khiva-lies thirty-two kilometers from Urgench.
According to the archaeologists Khiva was founded in the 5th or 6th century. By the early 17th century, Khiva had become the capital of the Khanate of Khiva, ruled by a branch of the Astrakhans, a Genghisid dynasty. There many unique mosques, mausoleums and madrasahs in Khiva. They make Khiva a museum and attract many tourists.
At present 7056 monuments of art, archeology and nature are under state protection in Uzbekistan.1503 of them are architectural monuments. The Ichan-Kala complex in Khiva, the site of the ancient town of Afrasiyab in Samarkand and the center of ancient Bukhara are declared state reserves. They are relics of oriental architecture. More than 240 relics of the past were restored in the last years. There is a research design institute and a number of restoration workshops in Uzbekistan. They preserve and restore architectural monuments. Every year about six million roubles are spent on restoration of the monuments of ancient culture of Uzbekistan.
Топик Узбекистан познакомит вас с одной из республик Центральной Азии. Всего их пять: Казахстан, Киргизия, Таджикистан, Туркмения и Узбекистан. Узбекистан имеет общие границы со всеми 4-мя республиками, а на юге граничит с Афганистаном. В Узбекистане летом – очень жарко, а зима чаще бывает холодной, но иногда и теплой – это признаки умеренно-континетального климата. В республике хорошо развито сельское хозяйство и промышленность.
Uzbekistan Republic is one of the five Republics of Central Asia. Uzbekistan is situated between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya, the greatest Asian rivers. It is the region of flat-lands, mountains and deserts. The territory of the Republic covers 447,4 thousand square kilometers and is larger than Great Britain or Italy. Uzbekistan borders on Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Tajikistan and Turkmenia. In the South Uzbekistan borders on Afghanistan. The Republic consists of 12 regions and the Karakalpak Republic. There are about 80 towns and 86 settlements of urban type there.
The climate is continental. A great number of bright sunny days are good for cotton growing. Uzbekistan is one of the most important producers of cotton and silk. If you look at the map of the Uzbek Republic you will see coal, oil and natural gas resources, deposits of marble, non-ferrous and other metals including gold.
According to the last data the population of Uzbekistan is 20 million people. About 120 nations and nationalities live on its territory. Uzbeks represent more than 70% (percent) of the whole population. Titanic work to develop all sectors of the economy, of industry in particular, has been done in Uzbekistan. Once there was no industry there; today the Republic has more than 100 industries. Now planes, tractors, cotton harvesters, technical equipment for the textile and chemical industries are being manufactured in Uzbekistan.
Топик Узбекистан – земля древней культуры, расскажет о древних городах: Ташкенте, Бухаре, Хиве и Самарканде, которые стремятся посетить туристы из многих стран мира. Например, в Бухаре до нашего времени сохранились многие старинные мечети, медресе и мавзолеи. А древняя Хива в 17-ом веке была столицей Хивинского ханства. Сейчас под защитой государства находятся почти все памятники искусства, археологии и природы, из которых большая часть – памятники архитектуры, считающиеся реликвиями восточного зодчества. Многие из памятников были восстановлены только в последнее время силами узбекских ученых и реставраторов.
Uzbekistan is the land of ancient culture. At the present time more than 200,000 tourists almost from 80 countries visit Uzbekistan every year. They want to see the remarkable monuments of the past in Bukhara, Samarkand, Khiva, Tashkent.
Bukhara is one of the ancient towns of Uzbekistan. The period of its existence is more than 2000 years. This period was noted for the development of craft, trade, literature, science and art. The outstanding poets Firdousi and Rudaki, the famous scholar Abu-Ali Ibn-Sina (Avicenna) and many others lived and worked there. Numerous mosques, madrasahs and mausoleums survived in Bukhara to the present time. Its masterpieces of architecture are the mausoleum of Ismail Samani, the Kalyan minaret, the madrasah of Ulugbek and others. They are famous not only in our country but abroad too. One more ancient town of Uzbekistan – Khiva lies thirty-two kilometers from Urgench.
According to the archaeologists Khiva was founded in the 5th or 6th century. By the early 17th century, Khiva had become the capital of the Khanate of Khiva, ruled by a branch of the Astrakhans, a Genghisid dynasty. There are many unique mosques, mausoleums and madrasahs in Khiva. They make Khiva a museum and attract many tourists.
At present 7056 monuments of art, archeology and nature are under state protection in Uzbekistan. 1503 of them are architectural monuments. The Ichan-Kala complex in Khiva, the site of the ancient town of Afrasiyab in Samarkand and the center of ancient Bukhara are declared state reserves. They are relics of oriental architecture. More than 240 relics of the past were restored in the last years. There is a research design institute and a number of restoration workshops in Uzbekistan. They preserve and restore architectural monuments. Every year about six million roubles are spent on restoration of the monuments of ancient culture of Uzbekistan.
Tashkent
Tashkent is the capital of an independent Republic of Uzbekistan It is a very old city. It was founded more than 2000 years ago. The city is located at the foothills of Tyan-shan mountain range lies in the Chirchic river valley. The population of the city has already grown up to more than 2000000 people.
There are several monuments and historical buildings of Muslims such as Kokaldosh madrasah and Barak-khan mosque which were built in the 16th century.
Tashkent has now become the most modern city of Uzbekistan which has new avenues, squares, high buildings and fountains. The city is flourishing as never before. The transport facilities are good enough: there are buses, trolley-buses, trams, taxis, underground, railways with several beautiful metro stations decorated with traditional Uzbek culture.
Tashkent is the educational and scientific center of Uzbekistan where there are a lot of universities, institutes, schools, special secondary schools. The city has the republics academy of science which unites dozens of research institutes. As cultural center there are many libraries, theatres, film studies, TV centers and cinema houses. In the field of economy its industrial establishments which produce cotton fabric, textile machinery, electrical equipment, cotton harvesters and others are well-known not only in CIS but in the world also. Tashkent is often called a city of peace and friendship. For a very short period of time Tashkent became well known in the world as the capital of the new sovereign, independent state. Numbers of summit talks are held in Tashkent. A lot of embassies and representations of many international organizations, companies and firms are opened in our city. It has become a fine tradition to hold in Tashkent film festivals of Asian, African and Latin American countries. Answer the questions.
What is the capital of Uzbekistan?
When was Tashkent founded?
What is the population of the city?
What monument’s and historical buildings were built in the 16th century?
What can you say about modern cities of Uzbekistan?
What can you say about educational, scientific cultural centers of Uzbekistan? Match the words from the text with the meanings in the right hand column.
Mountain
conference of heads of state and governments
Already
following the systematic methods of science
Decorate
Large abrupt natural elevation of the ground.
Summit
before the time in question
scientific
beautify, adorn
Vocabulary
Well known Uzbek Traditions and Customs
Customs and traditions of the Uzbek people have been forming for centuries. They are very distinctive, impressive and different, dating back to different epochs and religions. Initial formation of Uzbek culture dates back to the 6th-7th centuries BC, by that time nomadic tribes shifted to a settled way of life in the valleys of Amu Darya, Syr Darya and Zarafshan and founded first states. Former nomads founded settlements and cities, bringing with them customs and traditions based on ancient cults of their ancestors. Territory of modern Uzbekistan, Transoxiana, being parts of ancient states – Khorezm, Sogdiana, Bactria – became the basis for formation of culture, which subsequently became the basis of Uzbek culture.
Over centuries, traditions and customs of Uzbek people remained almost unchanged despite the desire of many invaders to impose alien culture on. The Arabs had the greatest influence on Uzbek customs and traditions, through the expansion of Islam throughout Central Asia. Islam traditions were closely intertwined with pre-Islamic beliefs and traditions, local culture, and firmly settled in the mode and minds of the Uzbek people.
Centuries-old customs and traditions of the Uzbek people are carefully maintained and passed on from generation to generation. Like many Asian nations, most festive Uzbek customs are related with major family celebrations: wedding and birth. These events include many rites and rituals, involving parents, children, brothers, sisters, immediate and remote relatives even neighbors and guests, each one has its own role. Uzbek traditions are based on hospitality, respect for elders, collectivism, manifested especially vividly in makhallas (Uzbek residential quarters) – repository of age-old national basis.
Uzbekistan traditions and customs:
См. также в других словарях:
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Uzbekistan is the land of ancient culture. At the present time more than 200,000 tourists almost from 80 countries visit Uzbekistan every year. They want to see the remarkable monuments of the past in Bukhara, Samarkand, Khiva, Tashkent.
Bukhara is one of the ancient towns of Uzbekistan. The period of its existence is more than 2000 years. This period was noted for the development of craft, trade, literature, science and art. The outstanding poets Firdousi and Rudaki, the famous scholar Abu-Ali Ibn-Sina (Avicenna) and many others lived and worked there. Numerous mosques, madrasahs and mausoleums survived in Bukhara to the present time. Its masterpieces of architecture are the mausoleum of Ismail Samani, the Kalyan minaret, the madrasah of Ulugbek and others. They are famous not on ly in our country but abroad too. One more ancient town of Uzbekistan-Khiva-lies thirty-two kilometers from Urgench.
According to the archaeologists Khiva was founded in the 5th or 6th century. By the early 17th century, Khiva had become the capital of the Khanate of Khiva, ruled by a branch of the Astrakhans, a Genghisid dynasty. There many unique mosques, mausoleums and madrasahs in Khiva. They make Khiva a museum and attract many tourists.
At present 7056 monuments of art, archeology and nature are under state protection in Uzbekistan.1503 of them are architectural monuments. The Ichan-Kala complex in Khiva, the site of the ancient town of Afrasiyab in Samarkand and the center of ancient Bukhara are declared state reserves. They are relics of oriental architecture. More than 240 relics of the past were restored in the last years. There is a research design institute and a number of restoration workshops in Uzbekistan. They preserve and restore architectural monuments. Every year about six million roubles are spent on restoration of the monuments of ancient culture of Uzbekistan.
Топик Узбекистан познакомит вас с одной из республик Центральной Азии. Всего их пять: Казахстан, Киргизия, Таджикистан, Туркмения и Узбекистан. Узбекистан имеет общие границы со всеми 4-мя республиками, а на юге граничит с Афганистаном. В Узбекистане летом – очень жарко, а зима чаще бывает холодной, но иногда и теплой – это признаки умеренно-континетального климата. В республике хорошо развито сельское хозяйство и промышленность.
Uzbekistan Republic is one of the five Republics of Central Asia. Uzbekistan is situated between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya, the greatest Asian rivers. It is the region of flat-lands, mountains and deserts. The territory of the Republic covers 447,4 thousand square kilometers and is larger than Great Britain or Italy. Uzbekistan borders on Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Tajikistan and Turkmenia. In the South Uzbekistan borders on Afghanistan. The Republic consists of 12 regions and the Karakalpak Republic. There are about 80 towns and 86 settlements of urban type there.
The climate is continental. A great number of bright sunny days are good for cotton growing. Uzbekistan is one of the most important producers of cotton and silk. If you look at the map of the Uzbek Republic you will see coal, oil and natural gas resources, deposits of marble, non-ferrous and other metals including gold.
According to the last data the population of Uzbekistan is 20 million people. About 120 nations and nationalities live on its territory. Uzbeks represent more than 70% (percent) of the whole population. Titanic work to develop all sectors of the economy, of industry in particular, has been done in Uzbekistan. Once there was no industry there; today the Republic has more than 100 industries. Now planes, tractors, cotton harvesters, technical equipment for the textile and chemical industries are being manufactured in Uzbekistan.
Топик Узбекистан – земля древней культуры, расскажет о древних городах: Ташкенте, Бухаре, Хиве и Самарканде, которые стремятся посетить туристы из многих стран мира. Например, в Бухаре до нашего времени сохранились многие старинные мечети, медресе и мавзолеи. А древняя Хива в 17-ом веке была столицей Хивинского ханства. Сейчас под защитой государства находятся почти все памятники искусства, археологии и природы, из которых большая часть – памятники архитектуры, считающиеся реликвиями восточного зодчества. Многие из памятников были восстановлены только в последнее время силами узбекских ученых и реставраторов.
Uzbekistan is the land of ancient culture. At the present time more than 200,000 tourists almost from 80 countries visit Uzbekistan every year. They want to see the remarkable monuments of the past in Bukhara, Samarkand, Khiva, Tashkent.
Bukhara is one of the ancient towns of Uzbekistan. The period of its existence is more than 2000 years. This period was noted for the development of craft, trade, literature, science and art. The outstanding poets Firdousi and Rudaki, the famous scholar Abu-Ali Ibn-Sina (Avicenna) and many others lived and worked there. Numerous mosques, madrasahs and mausoleums survived in Bukhara to the present time. Its masterpieces of architecture are the mausoleum of Ismail Samani, the Kalyan minaret, the madrasah of Ulugbek and others. They are famous not only in our country but abroad too. One more ancient town of Uzbekistan – Khiva lies thirty-two kilometers from Urgench.
According to the archaeologists Khiva was founded in the 5th or 6th century. By the early 17th century, Khiva had become the capital of the Khanate of Khiva, ruled by a branch of the Astrakhans, a Genghisid dynasty. There are many unique mosques, mausoleums and madrasahs in Khiva. They make Khiva a museum and attract many tourists.
At present 7056 monuments of art, archeology and nature are under state protection in Uzbekistan. 1503 of them are architectural monuments. The Ichan-Kala complex in Khiva, the site of the ancient town of Afrasiyab in Samarkand and the center of ancient Bukhara are declared state reserves. They are relics of oriental architecture. More than 240 relics of the past were restored in the last years. There is a research design institute and a number of restoration workshops in Uzbekistan. They preserve and restore architectural monuments. Every year about six million roubles are spent on restoration of the monuments of ancient culture of Uzbekistan.
Tashkent
Tashkent is the capital of an independent Republic of Uzbekistan It is a very old city. It was founded more than 2000 years ago. The city is located at the foothills of Tyan-shan mountain range lies in the Chirchic river valley. The population of the city has already grown up to more than 2000000 people.
There are several monuments and historical buildings of Muslims such as Kokaldosh madrasah and Barak-khan mosque which were built in the 16th century.
Tashkent has now become the most modern city of Uzbekistan which has new avenues, squares, high buildings and fountains. The city is flourishing as never before. The transport facilities are good enough: there are buses, trolley-buses, trams, taxis, underground, railways with several beautiful metro stations decorated with traditional Uzbek culture.
Tashkent is the educational and scientific center of Uzbekistan where there are a lot of universities, institutes, schools, special secondary schools. The city has the republics academy of science which unites dozens of research institutes. As cultural center there are many libraries, theatres, film studies, TV centers and cinema houses. In the field of economy its industrial establishments which produce cotton fabric, textile machinery, electrical equipment, cotton harvesters and others are well-known not only in CIS but in the world also. Tashkent is often called a city of peace and friendship. For a very short period of time Tashkent became well known in the world as the capital of the new sovereign, independent state. Numbers of summit talks are held in Tashkent. A lot of embassies and representations of many international organizations, companies and firms are opened in our city. It has become a fine tradition to hold in Tashkent film festivals of Asian, African and Latin American countries.
Answer the questions.
What is the capital of Uzbekistan?
When was Tashkent founded?
What is the population of the city?
What monument’s and historical buildings were built in the 16th century?
What can you say about modern cities of Uzbekistan?
What can you say about educational, scientific cultural centers of Uzbekistan?
Match the words from the text with the meanings in the right hand column.
Mountain
conference of heads of state and governments
Already
following the systematic methods of science
Decorate
Large abrupt natural elevation of the ground.
Summit
before the time in question
scientific
beautify, adorn
Vocabulary
Well known Uzbek Traditions and Customs
Customs and traditions of the Uzbek people have been forming for centuries. They are very distinctive, impressive and different, dating back to different epochs and religions. Initial formation of Uzbek culture dates back to the 6th-7th centuries BC, by that time nomadic tribes shifted to a settled way of life in the valleys of Amu Darya, Syr Darya and Zarafshan and founded first states. Former nomads founded settlements and cities, bringing with them customs and traditions based on ancient cults of their ancestors. Territory of modern Uzbekistan, Transoxiana, being parts of ancient states – Khorezm, Sogdiana, Bactria – became the basis for formation of culture, which subsequently became the basis of Uzbek culture.
Over centuries, traditions and customs of Uzbek people remained almost unchanged despite the desire of many invaders to impose alien culture on. The Arabs had the greatest influence on Uzbek customs and traditions, through the expansion of Islam throughout Central Asia. Islam traditions were closely intertwined with pre-Islamic beliefs and traditions, local culture, and firmly settled in the mode and minds of the Uzbek people.
Centuries-old customs and traditions of the Uzbek people are carefully maintained and passed on from generation to generation. Like many Asian nations, most festive Uzbek customs are related with major family celebrations: wedding and birth. These events include many rites and rituals, involving parents, children, brothers, sisters, immediate and remote relatives even neighbors and guests, each one has its own role. Uzbek traditions are based on hospitality, respect for elders, collectivism, manifested especially vividly in makhallas (Uzbek residential quarters) – repository of age-old national basis.
Uzbekistan traditions and customs:
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